Table 4.
Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between hospitalization for the principal diagnoses of cardiovascular disease, acute myocardial infarction, respiratory disease, diabetes mellitus, and all natural causes and EH (defined as mean daily temperature above the 97th percentile on lag day 0) by categories of age, sex, race and health insurance payer pooled across Wayne, Ingham, and Washtenaw Counties in Michigan. See Supporting Information Table S2 for county-specific results.
| Cardiovascular diseases | Respiratory diseases | Diabetes mellitus | Renal diseases | Acute myocardial infarction | All natural cause | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||||
| < 65 years | 0.97 (0.91, 1.04) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.05) | 0.92 (0.79, 1.08) | 1.18 (0.94, 1.48) | 0.99 (0.82, 1.21) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) |
| >= 65 years | 0.96 (0.91, 1.01) | 1.01 (0.92, 1.11) | 1.09 (0.85, 1.39) | 1.20 (0.99, 1.45) | 1.06 (0.90, 1.26) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.03) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 0.96 (0.90, 1.01) | 0.99 (0.91, 1.08) | 0.98 (0.82, 1.18) | 1.24 (1.01, 1.52) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.18) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.01) |
| Female | 0.97 (0.92, 1.03) | 0.98 (0.90, 1.08) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 1.14 (0.93, 1.40) | 1.09 (0.91, 1.29) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 0.96 (0.91, 1.01) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 0.98 (0.79, 1.22) | 1.00 (0.81, 1.25) | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) |
| Non- white | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.04) | 0.96 (0.81, 1.13) | 1.37 (1.13, 1.66)* | 1.06 (0.86, 1.32) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) |
| Payera | ||||||
| High | 0.95 (0.78, 1.16) | 1.00 (0.70, 1.42) | 1.12 (0.47, 2.71) | 0.87 (0.39, 1.93) | 0.84 (0.45, 1.57) | 0.96 (0.85, 1.08) |
| Low | 1.28 (0.58, 2.84) | 1.25 (0.43, 3.65) | b | 1.03 (0.21, 4.99) | 1.59 (0.08, 31.6) | 1.09 (0.69, 1.72) |
Significant difference (p < 0.05) in effects between the two categories.
Payer is among individuals less than 65 years of age. High = private insurance. Low = Medicaid or self-paid.
Too few cases on heat-wave days in this group to estimate an effect.