Figure 1.

TGF-β1 increased the respective target genes with and without 5-aza. Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to 5-aza or left untreated for 72 hours, before cells were stimulated with recombinant human TGF-β1. After 24 hours, the gene expression analysis was performed. (A) IL11 (n=10), (B) PRG4 (n=7), (C) NOX4 (n=11); data from individual experiments, denoted with separate colors, indicate the x-fold changes of gene expression in response to TGF-β1 compared to unstimulated cells. P values were obtained from the paired t-test. Statistical analyses were based on fold-change values of single cell donors and experiments. The colors represent data from different cell donors and experiments.

TGF-β1: transforming growth factor-β1, 5-aza: 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, IL11: interleukin-11, PRG4: proteoglycan 4, NOX4: NADPH oxidase 4, w/o: without.