Table 2.
In every context examined, removal of cilia blocks the response to both SHH and IHH
| Tissue | Conditional allele | Cre | Phenotype |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cranial neural crest | Kif3a | Wnt1 | Craniofacial defects (Liu et al. 2014) |
| Endochondral bone (Ihh-dependent) | Ift88 | Prx1 | Short bones (Haycraft et al. 2007) |
| Postnatal cartilage | Kif3a | Col2a1-Cre | Craniofacial defects (Koyama et al. 2007) |
| Neural stem cells | Kif3a | hGFAP | Loss of hippocampal stem cells (Han et al. 2008) |
| Hippocampal stem cells | Ift20 | mGFAP | Reduction hippocampal amplifying progenitors (Amador-Arjona et al. 2011) |
| Postnatal B1 SVZ neural stem cells | Kif3a | Adeno-Cre (injected) | Decreased proliferation of neural stem cells (Tong et al. 2014) |
| Cerebellar granule cell precursors | Kif3a | hGFAP | Loss of cerebellar granule cell progenitors (Chizhikov et al. 2007; Spassky et al. 2008) |
| Basal cell carcinoma | Kif3a; Ift88 | Keratin14 | Removal of cilia inhibited tumors induced by activated Smoothened. Removal of cilia accelerated tumors induced by activated Gli2 (Wong et al. 2009) |
| Medulloblastoma | Kif3a | hGFAP | Removal of cilia inhibited tumors induced by activated Smoothened. Removal of cilia accelerated tumors induced by activated Gli2 (Han et al. 2009) |
SHH, Sonic Hedgehog; IHH, Indian Hedgehog; SVZ, subventricular zone.