Table 1.

Summary of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in various liver diseases

Medical condition	miRNA	Serum levels	# of patients	Method for determination	Ref.
Acute liver failure (drug induced)	miR-122	↑	53	qPCR	Starkey Lewis et al[33]
		↑	6	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Krauskopf et al[32]
		↑	129	qPCR	Antoine et al[29]
		↑	78	miRNA microarray	Russo et al[34]
	miR-192	↑	53	PCR	Starkey Lewis et al[33]
		↑	6	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Krauskopf et al[32]
	miR-483	↑	6	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Krauskopf et al[32]
	miR-194	↑	6	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Krauskopf et al[32]
	miR-210	↑	6	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Krauskopf et al[32]
	miR-4532	↑	78	miRNA microarray	Russo et al[34]
	miR-455-3p	↓	78	miRNA microarray	Russo et al[34]
	miR-1281	↓	78	miRNA microarray	Russo et al[34]
Liver fibrosis (CHC)	miR-122	↑	53	qPCR	Cermelli et al[37]
	miR-34a	↑	53	qPCR	Cermelli et al[37]
Liver fibrosis (NAFLD)	miR-122	↑	34	qPCR	Cermelli et al[37]
		↑	28	qPCR	Salvoza et al[38]
	miR-34a	↑	34	qPCR	Cermelli et al[37]
		↑	28	qPCR	Salvoza et al[38]
Liver cirrhosis	miR-513-3p	↑	67	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Roderburg et al[40]
	miR-571	↑	67	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Roderburg et al[40]
	miR-29	↓	67	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Roderburg et al[41]
AIH	miR-21	↑	46	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Migita et al[47]
	miR-122	↑	46	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Migita et al[47]
PSC	miR-1281	↑	40	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Voigtländer et al[48]
	miR-126	↑	40	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Voigtländer et al[48]
	miR-200c	↓	30	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Bernuzzi et al[49]
PBC	miR-505-3p	↓	10	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Ninomiya et al[50]
	miR-197-3p	↓	10	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Ninomiya et al[50]
	miR-122	↑	207	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Tan et al[51]
	miR-141	↑	207	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Tan et al[51]
	miR-26b	↑	207	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Tan et al[51]
HCC	miR-21	↑	101	qPCR	Xu et al[58]
		↑	90	qPCR	Ge et al[62]
		↑	121	qPCR	Tomimaru et al[64]
		↑	457	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Zhou et al[68]
	miR-121	↑	101	qPCR	Xu et al[58]
	miR-223	↑	101	qPCR	Xu et al[58]
		↑	457	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Zhou et al[68]
	miR-16	↓	90	qPCR	Ge et al[62]
		↓	40	qPCR	El-Abd et al[63]
	miR-122	↑	457	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Zhou et al[68]
	miR-26a	↑	457	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Zhou et al[68]
	miR-192	↑	457	miRNA microarray, qPCR	Zhou et al[68]
CCA	miR-21	↑	25	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Correa-Gallego et al[74]
		↑	94	qPCR	Kishimoto et al[75]
	miR-221	↑	25	RNA sequencing, qPCR	Correa-Gallego et al[74]
	miR-150	↑	15	qPCR	Wang et al[77]
	miR-224	↑	30	qPCR	Huang et al[76]

miRNA: MicroRNA; CHC: Chronic hepatitis C; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; qPCR: Quantitative RT-PCR; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; CCA: Cholangiocarcinoma; ↑: High circulating levels; ↓: Low circulating levels.