The effect of isoflurane exposure on tissue and blood bacterial levels after CLP. Bacterial loads in blood (A), lung (B), spleen (C), and liver (D) at 6 h after CLP was compared among WT mice in no, short and long isoflurane exposure groups, LFA-1 KO and Mac-1 KO mice. Blood and tissue bacterial loads were shown as mean ± SD of 8 mice. Statistical significance was evaluated using Kruskal Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons. In figures, * and ** represent P < .05 and .01, respectively versus WT mice without isoflurane exposure. CFU, colony forming unit.