Table 3.
Relative changes (% of DYOG) in plasma and liver biomarkers of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, oxidative damage, and antioxidant defenses in STZ-diabetic rats after 50 days of treatment with yoghurt enriched with curcumin and carotenoids individually or in mixtures, with an emphasis on the effects when the antioxidants are in mixtures.
| Biochemical Parameters | DC | DB | DL | DCB | DCL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | |||||
| Glycemia | ↓ 63% | ↓ 32% | ↓ 59% | ↓ 67% | ↓ 66% |
| Triacylglycerol | ↓ 61% | ↓ 31% | ↓ 61% | ↓ 60% | ↓ 62% |
| Total-Cholesterol | ↓ 21% | ↓ 21% | ↓ 22% | ↓ 22% | ↓ 23% |
| HDL-Cholesterol | no effect | ↑ 34% | ↑ 33% | ↑ 32% | ↑ 33% |
| TBARS | ↓ 43% | no effect | ↓ 36% | ↓ 39% | ↓ 44% |
| PON1 | ↑ 32% | ↑ 29% | ↑ 30% | ↑ 38% | ↑ 36% |
| ox-LDL | ↓ 32% | ↓ 38% | ↓ 48% | ↓ 55% * | ↓ 58% |
| Liver | |||||
| TBARS | no effect | ↓ 29% | ↓ 34% | ↓ 30% | ↓ 42% |
| PCO | ↓ 61% | ↓ 43% | ↓ 38% | ↓ 72% | ↓ 68% |
| SOD | ↑ 434% | ↑ 282% | ↑ 204% | ↑ 447% | ↑ 375% |
| CAT | ↑ 104% | ↑ 111% | ↑ 66% | ↑ 92% | ↑ 93% |
| GSH-Px | ↑ 64% | no effect | no effect | no effect | no effect |
Values in “Bold” represent maintenance of the beneficial effect when the antioxidant was administered as mixtures. *ox-LDL levels were further decreased in DCB rats compared with the decrease in DC and DB rats. Normal (N) and diabetic (D) rats treated with yoghurt (NYOG and DYOG, respectively) or yoghurt enriched with curcumin (DC), bixin (DB), lycopene (DL), curcumin + bixin (DCB) or curcumin + lycopene (DCL).