Table 2.
Long non-coding RNAs associated with metastasis of osteosarcoma.
| LncRNA Name | Expression in OS | OS Cells | Potential Mechanism | Metastasis | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIF2PUT | Low | SAOS2, MG63, U2OS and OS-732 cells | Control HIF-2α expression | Inhibit | [57] |
| MALAT1 | High | U2OS and SaO2 cells | PI3K/AKT signaling pathway | Promotes | [53] |
| U2OS, HOS, 143B and MG63 cells | Increase RhoA and its downstream effectors ROCKs | [59] | |||
| HOTAIR | High | U2OS, HOS, 143B and MG63 cells | Activate MMP2 and MMP9 | Promotes | [60] |
| HULC | High | MG-63, U2OS and Saos-2 cells | - | Promotes | [81] |
| HOTTIP | High | MG-63 and HOS cells | - | Promotes | [62] |
| ANRIL | High | HOS and U2OS cells | Activated by HIF-1α | Promotes | [82] |
| EWSAT1 | High | MG63 and HOS cells | Inhibit MEG3 expression | Promotes | [64] |
| PVT1 | High | KHOS, 143b, LM7, U2OS, and MG-63 cells | Increase FASN protein expression via negatively regulating miR-195 | Promotes | [66] |
| SNHG12 | High | Saos-2, MG-63 and U2OS cells | Upregulate AMOT mRNA expression | Promotes | [67] |
| UCA1 | High | HOS, Saos-2, MG-63, U2OS cells | - | Promotes | [69] |
| MFI2 | High | SAOS-2, MG63, and U2OS cells | Upregulate FOXP4 | Promotes | [70] |
| PACER | High | 143B, MG63, Saos-2, U2OS cells | Activate NF-κB-dependent COX-2 | Promotes | [71] |
| HNF1A-AS1 | High | HOS, SaOS2, MG63 and U2OS cells | Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promotes | [72] |
| BCAR4 | High | MG63 and U2OS cells | Activate GLI2 pathway | Promotes | [73] |
| ZEB1-AS1 | High | HOS, U2OS, MG-63, and Saos-2 cells | Related to ZEB1 lncRNA | Promotes | [74] |
OS, osteosarcoma; HIF2PUT, hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) promoter upstream transcript; MALAT1, Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; Chr, chromosome; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase; AKT, protein kinase B; HOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNA; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; ANRIL, antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; PVT1, plasmacytoma variant translocation 1; SNHG12, small nucleolar RNA host gene 12; UCA1, urothelial carcinoma associated 1; FOXP4, forkhead box P4; PACER, P50-associated COX-2 extragenic RNA; HNF1A-AS1, HNF1A-antisense 1; HULC, highly upregulated in liver cancer RNA; BCAR4, breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4; HOTTIP, HOXA Distal Transcript Antisense RNA; ROCKs Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinases; ZEB1-AS1, Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 Antisense RNA 1; Ref, reference.