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In response to trauma, naïve T-cells differentiate into specific T-cell subsets based on the presence of specific inflammatory mediators. Th-1 cells arise under the influence of IL-12 and provide cell-mediated immunity. Th-2 cells arise under the influence of IL-4 and offer humoral immunity. Th-17 cells arise in the presence of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and IL-23, and produce pro-inflammatory mediators, IL-17 and IL-22 [6].
