Table 2.
Metabolic and hemodynamic effects of IME in control and MS groups
| Parameter | Control | MS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| Baseline | After IME | ES | Baseline | After IME | ES | |
| Metabolic | ||||||
|
|
||||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 180±20 | 178±25 | 0.08 | 191±22 | 188±22 | 0.13 |
|
|
||||||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 98±15 | 95±12 | 0.22 | 201±25* | 205±18* | −0.18 |
|
|
||||||
| Fasting BG (mg/dL) | 95±5 | 98±7 | −0.49 | 122±9* | 126±10* | −0.42 |
|
| ||||||
| Hemodynamic | ||||||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 119±10 | 117±15 | 0.15 | 132±13* | 129±10* | 0.25 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74±8 | 77±6 | 0.42 | 80±9 | 82±13 | −0.17 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 77±8 | 80±10 | 0.33 | 83±9 | 79±12 | 0.37 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.
IME, inspiratory muscle exercise; MS, metabolic syndrome; ES, effect size; BG, blood glucose; BP, blood pressure.
*
P<0.05 vs. control group at the same evaluation time.