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. 2017 May 1;216(5):1231–1241. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201612111

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© 2017 Sala et al.

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Figure 1. — Overview of cellular proteostasis. Proteostasis encompasses the cellular processes that guide the synthesis, folding, transport, and degradation of all proteins. It is regulated by the PN, which consists of the translation machinery, molecular chaperones, UPS, and autophagy to maintain the overall flux of proteostasis (black arrows). Nonnative conformations produced by off-pathway events (red arrows) are recognized by quality control mechanisms to prevent the accumulation of abnormal proteins in the cell. Misfolded and aggregated proteins are either redirected to the folding pathway through disaggregation and refolding (blue arrows) or targeted to degradation systems (gray arrows).