Table 1.
Biological analog | Target process | Measured effect | |
---|---|---|---|
18F-FDG | Glucose | Glucose transporters and hexokinases | Aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis, glucose consumption |
11C-choline | Choline | Choline kinase | Cell membrane metabolism, tumor proliferation |
18F-choline | Choline | Choline kinase | Cell membrane metabolism, tumor proliferation |
11C-acetate | Acetate | Tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid synthase | Lipid synthesis |
18F-FDHT | Testosterone | Androgen receptor | Measures androgen receptor |
18F-NaF | Fluoride | Hydroxyl and bicarbonate ions of bone hydroxyapatite | Measures bone status |
18F-FMISO | NA | Measures hypoxia | Tumor hypoxia |
18F-FLT | NA | Thymidine kinase | Nucleic acid synthesis, tumor proliferation |
18F-FACBC | Amino-fluorocyclobutane-carboxylic acid | Neutral A–A type amino acid uptake and protein synthesis | Protein synthesis |
68Ga-PSMA | Prostate specific membrane antigen | Prostate cell surface protein | Tumor aggressiveness, androgen independence |
NA not applicable