Table 1.
Characteristics of study patients taking dabigatran (150 mg twice daily), rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily), or warfarin (after matching)
| Males | Females | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dabigatran 150 mg twice daily | Rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily | Warfarin | p-value | Dabigatran 150 mg twice daily | Rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily | Warfarin | p-value | |
| Number of Patients | 7,618 | 7,618 | 7,618 | 11,031 | 11,031 | 11,031 | ||
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Mean Age (SD) | 75.9 (6.1) | 75.1 (6.2) | 74.8 (6.1) | 0.097 | 76.8 | 76.8 | 76.8 | 0.184 |
| Number (%) Age 85 or older | 626 (8.2) | 655 (8.6) | 615 (8.1) | 0.479 | 1522 (13.8) | 1565 (14.2) | 1598 (14.5) | 0.338 |
| Race | ||||||||
| White (%) | 6,947 (91.2%) | 6,973 (91.5%) | 6,985 (91.7%) | 0.810 | 9755 (88.4) | 9824 (89.1) | 9906 (89.8) | 0.026 |
| Black (%) | 205 (2.7%) | 205 (2.7%) | 189 (2.5%) | 465 (4.2) | 452 (4.1) | 419 (3.8) | ||
| Hispanic (%) | 251 (3.3%) | 249 (3.3%) | 235 (3.1%) | 478 (4.3) | 478 (4.3) | 424 (3.8) | ||
| Other (%) | 215 (2.8%) | 191 (2.5%) | 208 (2.7%) | 333 (3.0) | 277 (2.5) | 282 (2.6) | ||
| Comorbid Illnesses | ||||||||
| Heart Failure | 1,895 (24.9%) | 1,885 (24.7%) | 1,884 (24.7%) | 0.974 | 2666 (24.2%) | 2630 (23.8%) | 2474 (22.4%) | 0.005 |
| Cardiomyopathy | 663 (8.7%) | 699 (9.2%) | 672 (8.8%) | 0.567 | 560 (5.1%) | 606 (5.5%) | 588 (5.3%) | 0.378 |
| Other Dysrhythmia | 2,481 (32.6%) | 2,531 (33.2%) | 2,499 (32.8%) | 0.683 | 3632 (32.9%) | 3698 (33.5%) | 3560 (32.3%) | 0.147 |
| Implantable Cardiac Device | 488 (6.4%) | 530 (6.9%) | 523 (6.9%) | 0.347 | 408 (3.7%) | 453 (4.1%) | 444 (4.0%) | 0.263 |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 1,524 (20.0%) | 1,509 (19.8%) | 1,490 (19.6%) | 0.787 | 1986 (18.0%) | 2027 (18.4%) | 1893 (17.2%) | 0.054 |
| Hypertension | 6,286 (82.5%) | 6,289 (82.5%) | 6,314 (82.9%) | 0.805 | 9439 (85.6%) | 9450 (85.6%) | 9425 (85.4%) | 0.893 |
| Diabetes | 2,679 (35.1%) | 2,623 (34.4%) | 2,597 (34.1%) | 0.390 | 3450 (31.3%) | 3403 (30.9%) | 3256 (29.5%) | 0.011 |
| Renal Disease | 800 (10.5%) | 834 (10.9%) | 832 (10.9%) | 0.609 | 892 (8.1%) | 868 (7.9%) | 885 (8.0%) | 0.834 |
| Liver Disease | 325 (4.3%) | 292 (3.8%) | 300 (3.9%) | 0.364 | 447 (4.0%) | 452 (4.1%) | 397 (3.6%) | 0.114 |
| Previous Stroke or TIA | 838 (11.0%) | 845 (11.1%) | 862 (11.3%) | 0.817 | 1446 (13.1%) | 1409 (12.8%) | 1293 (12.7%) | 0.105 |
| Previous Major Bleeding | ||||||||
| Intracranial | 32 (0.42%) | 38 (0.50%) | 29 (0.38%) | 0.528 | 53 (0.48%) | 50 (0.45%) | 51 (0.46%) | 0.955 |
| Gastro-Intestinal | 1,765 (23.2%) | 1,771 (23.3%) | 1,809 (23.8%) | 0.659 | 3073 (27.9%) | 3152 (28.6%) | 2903 (26.3%) | 0.601 |
| Comorbidity Scores | ||||||||
| Gagne Score | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 0.644 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 0.076 |
| CHADS2 Score | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.781 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 0.917 |
| CHADS2-Vasc Score | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 0.683 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 0.711 |
| HAS-BLED Score | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 0.089 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 0.091 |
| Medications in prior 90 days | ||||||||
| Statin | 3,573 (46.9%) | 3,550 (46.6%) | 3,624 (47.6%) | 0.470 | 4708 (42.7%) | 4636 (42.0%) | 4521 (40.9%) | 0.136 |
| Prescription Antiplatelet- | 418 (5.5%) | 426 (5.6%) | 420 (5.5%) | 0.957 | 496 (4.5%) | 482 (4.4%) | 464 (4.2%) | 0.574 |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors | 1,405 (18.4%) | 1,360 (17.9%) | 1,360 (17.9%) | 0.549 | 2434 (22.1%) | 2464 (22.3%) | 2335 (21.2%) | 0.089 |
| NSAID | 846 (11.1%) | 824 (10.8%) | 765 (10.0%) | 0.089 | 1695 (15.4%) | 1623 (14.7%) | 1603 (14.5%) | 0.188 |
| Prior Health Services Utilization | ||||||||
| Mean Inpatient Hospital Days | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 0.117 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 0.891 |
| Number Prescriptions | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 0.771 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 0.327 |
| Previous stay in Extended Care or Skilled Nursing Facility | 138 (1.8%) | 147 (1.9%) | 169 (2.2%) | 0.180 | 354 (3.2%) | 352 (3.2%) | 334 (3.0%) | 0.697 |