Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of daughters from mothers with PCOS or control mothers without PCOS
| Tanner Stage 1 |
Tanner Stage 2/3 |
Tanner Stage 4/5 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controla | PCOSa | Control vs PCOSb | Controla | PCOSa | Control vs PCOSb | Controla | PCOSa | Control vs PCOSb | |
| Birth data | |||||||||
| Gestational age, wk | 39.47 (1.42) [37] | 39.13 (1.51) [47] | 0.37 (−0.59 to 1.32) [0.45] | 39.52 (1.19) [27] | 39.51 (1.63) [16] | 0.03 (−1.33 to 1.40) [0.96] | 39.19 (3.53) [16] | 37.92 (4.72) [13] | 1.23 (−0.41 to 2.86) [0.14] |
| Birth weight, pounds | 7.61 (1.04) [36] | 7.38 (0.96) [47] | 0.27 (−0.27 to 0.82) [0.33] | 7.46 (1.12) [27] | 7.47 (0.84) [15] | 0.03 (−0.74 to 0.80) [0.94] | 7.31 (1.78) [16] | 6.53 (1.91) [13] | 0.64 (−0.28 to 1.56) [0.17] |
| Biometric data | |||||||||
| Age, y | 7.61 (2.60) [39] | 7.02 (1.96) [47] | 0.59 (−0.31 to 1.49) [0.20] | 13.04 (1.89) [27] | 11.46 (1.33) [16] | 1.52 (0.24 to 2.80) [0.02] | 14.35 (1.91) [16] | 15.24 (1.17) [13] | −0.91 (−2.46 to 0.65) [0.25] |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 16.59 (3.75) [39] | 17.66 (3.43) [46] | −0.63 (−2.85 to 1.60) [0.58] | 21.13 (3.87) [27] | 21.37 (5.63) [16] | −0.64 (−3.68 to 2.40) [0.68] | 25.68 (6.62) [16] | 27.56 (8.70) [13] | −3.62 (−7.34 to 0.11) [0.06] |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.87 (0.07) [36] | 0.90 (0.07) [47] | −0.02 (−0.06 to 0.01) [0.14] | 0.85 (0.06) [27] | 0.88 (0.09) [16] | −0.03 (−0.08 to 0.01) [0.16] | 0.84 (0.08) [16] | 0.86 (0.05) [12] | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.05) [0.78] |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 101.74 (11.61) [38] | 100.42 (12.73) [45] | 0.69 (−4.92 to 6.29) [0.81] | 108.04 (9.20) [27] | 107.25 (12.26) [16] | 0.83 (−6.82 to 8.47) [0.83] | 114.25 (12.79) [16] | 114.85 (14.49) [13] | −1.61 (−10.95 to 7.74) [0.73] |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 62.74 (6.93) [38] | 62.67 (6.55) [45] | −0.94 (−4.49 to 2.61) [0.60] | 66.00 (7.72) [27] | 65.81 (7.07) [16] | 0.21 (−4.63 to 5.05) [0.93] | 67.25 (9.64) [16] | 71.08 (10.23) [13] | −3.93 (−9.85 to 1.98) [0.19] |
| Acne, total lesions | 0.21 (0.77) [39] | 0.49 (2.71) [47] | −0.53 (−2.40 to 1.34) [0.58] | 2.74 (6.16) [27] | 3.25 (5.94) [16] | −0.46 (−3.12 to 2.20) [0.73] | 4.06 (4.58) [16] | 5.42 (6.63) [12] | −1.56 (−4.86 to 1.74) [0.35] |
| Ferriman-Gallwey score | 1.14 (2.84) [36] | 1.12 (2.92) [41] | 0.10 (−1.65 to 1.85) [0.91] | 2.07 (2.64) [27] | 1.38 (2.90) [16] | 0.54 (−1.76 to 2.85) [0.64] | 6.13 (5.63) [16] | 10.62 (6.71) [13] | −5.50 (−8.32 to −2.68) [<0.001] |
| Imaging (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) | |||||||||
| Bone mineral content, kg | 0.89 (0.28) [31] | 0.83 (0.20) [41] | 0.06 (−0.08 to 0.20) [0.43] | 1.59 (0.37) [25] | 1.35 (0.29) [15] | 0.25 (0.06 to 0.43) [0.01] | 1.94 (0.36) [16] | 1.97 (0.24) [12] | −0.05 (−0.27 to 0.18) [0.68] |
| Lean body mass, kg | 19.01 (5.96) [31] | 18.48 (5.59) [41] | 0.34 (−2.85 to 3.52) [0.83] | 34.51 (5.93) [25] | 33.00 (7.87) [15] | 1.60 (−2.64 to 5.84) [0.46] | 40.33 (6.14) [16] | 43.73 (9.37) [12] | −4.04 (−9.14 to 1.06) [0.12] |
| Fat, kg | 7.97 (3.76) [31] | 8.49 (4.82) [41] | −0.64 (−4.83 to 3.55) [0.76] | 15.46 (6.81) [25] | 17.32 (9.10) [15] | −2.22 (−7.70 to 3.26) [0.42] | 25.48 (12.61) [16] | 26.50 (16.83) [12] | −1.89 (−8.58 to 4.81) [0.58] |
| Android/gynoid fat ratio | 0.28 (0.06) [29] | 0.32 (0.13) [37] | −0.03 (−0.09 to 0.03) [0.36] | 0.33 (0.12) [25] | 0.40 (0.13) [14] | −0.10 (−0.18 to −0.03) [0.01] | 0.37 (0.11) [16] | 0.39 (0.13) [12] | 0.02 (−0.07 to 0.11) [0.69] |
| Imaging (transabdominal ultrasound) | |||||||||
| Total ovarian volume, cm3 | 2.23 (1.57) [9] | 4.19 (3.22) [6] | −2.75 (−21.65 to 16.16) [0.77] | 14.54 (6.65) [11] | 12.92 (8.98) [9] | 1.61 (−14.48 to 17.70) [0.84] | 25.94 (34.78) [10] | 19.22 (8.88) [6] | 9.09 (−10.02 to 28.20) [0.34] |
a
Mean (standard deviation) [n].
b
Mean difference (95% CI) [P value].