Table 1.
Baseline Participant Characteristics During Eucaloric Feeding
| Variable | All (N = 64) | Males (n = 51) | Females (n = 13) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race | 14 AA, 18 W, 13 H, 19 NA | 9 AA, 16 W, 10 H, 17 NA | 5 AA, 4 W, 1 H, 2 NA | 0.33 |
| Age, y | 36.7 ± 10.0 (18.2, 54.1) | 37.5 ± 10.3 (18.2, 54.1) | 33.8 ± 8.7 (20.4, 45.5) | 0.24 |
| Weight, kg | 78.3 ± 12.3 (47.5, 107.8) | 79.5 ± 11.2 (56.0, 104.8) | 73.7 ± 16.3 (47.5, 107.8) | 0.14 |
| Height, cm | 173.0 ± 7.3 (156.8, 196.4) | 174.9 ± 6.7 (161.0, 196.4) | 165.6 ± 4.4 (156.8, 170) | < 0.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.2 ± 4.0 (17.8, 39.1) | 26.0 ± 3.6 (18.3, 36.9) | 26.8 ± 5.5 (17.8, 39.1) | 0.62 |
| Percentage body fat | 27.7 ± 10.1 (6.9, 53.8) | 24.6 ± 8.0 (6.9, 38.3) | 39.8 ± 8.3 (24.2, 53.8) | < 0.0001 |
| FM, kg | 22.2 ± 10.2 (4.9, 56.9) | 20.0 ± 8.3 (4.9, 36.0) | 30.5 ± 12.8 (13.6, 56.9) | 0.014 |
| FFM, kg | 56.2 ± 9.4 (33.9, 79.4) | 59.4 ± 7.2 (46.9, 79.4) | 43.3 ± 4.7 (33.9, 50.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 91.4 ± 5.1 (80, 99) | 91.6 ± 5.3 (80, 99) | 90.6 ± 4.1 (84, 98) | 0.52 |
| 2-h glucose, mg/dL | 104.6 ± 19.4 (65, 138) | 104.2 ± 20.0 (65, 138) | 106.3 ± 17.5 (80, 132) | 0.73 |
| Fasting insulin, µU/mL | 7.0 ± 3.6 (2.0, 18.8) | 6.7 ± 3.6 (2.0, 18.8) | 7.9 ± 3.6 (3.2, 17.2) | 0.32 |
| 2-h insulin, µU/mL | 48.1 ± 36.2 (3.9, 184.5) | 47.5 ± 38.4 (3.9, 184.5) | 50.6 ± 26.2 (9.8, 92.0) | 0.8 |
| TSH, mU/L | 1.35 ± 0.74 (0.44, 3.59) | 1.38 ± 0.84 (0.44, 3.59) | 1.28 ± 0.46 (0.62, 1.93) | 0.8 |
| EB, kcal/da | 26.1 ± 78.0 (−194, 225) | 27.3 ± 78.7 (−194, 225) | 21.3 ± 78.2 (−81, 169) | 0.81 |
| 24-h EE, kcal/d | 2031 ± 281 (1502, 2810) | 2090 ± 267 (1573, 2810) | 1802 ± 213 (1502, 2290) | 0.0006 |
| TEF% | 7.8 ± 4.8 (−4.3, 20.9) | 7.5 ± 4.6 (−4.3, 17.0) | 9.0 ± 5.4 (−2.1, 20.9) | 0.31 |
Minimum and maximum values are provided in parentheses.
Abbreviations: AA, African American; BMI, body mass index; H, Hispanic; NA, Native American; TEF%, thermic effect of food in percent (calculated by subtracting fasting 24hEE from 24hEE during feeding and dividing by energy consumed, all in kilocalories per day); TSH, thyrotropin; W, white.
a
Food intake minus energy expenditure during EB diet.