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. 2017 May 3;11:75. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00075

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Copyright © 2017 Kasai, Yoshihara, Lopatina, Ishihara and Higashida.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of selegiline and mirtazapine on anxiety-like and social behaviors in CD157 KO mice. (A−D) In session 1 (novel environment), CD157 KO mice showed anxiety-like behavior compared with WT mice: significantly fewer entries into the center zone (A) and less time spent in the center zone (B). Repeated administration of selegiline (1 mg/kg, s.c.) for 3 days showed a tendency to increase the number of entries into the center zone (A) in CD157 KO mice. Repeated administration of mirtazapine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days significantly increased the number of entries into the center zone (A). There were no differences in measured values between genotypes and treatments in total distance traveled (C). Immobility time in CD157 KO mice was longer than that in WT mice. Mirtazapine reduced immobility time of CD157 KO mice to that of WT mice (D). (E−H) In session 2 (non-social target), CD157 KO mice showed a significant decrease in the number of entries into the center zone (E), percentage of time spent in the center zone (F) and total distance traveled (G) and a significant increase in immobility time (H) Mirtazapine, but not selegiline, significantly increased the number of entries into the center zone (E) and percentage of time spent in the center zone (F) in CD157 KO mice. Mirtazapine significantly increased the total distance traveled (G), and reduced prolonged immobility time (H) in saline-treated CD157 KO mice. (I−L) In session 3 (social target), CD157 KO mice showed significantly lower sociability than WT mice: significant decreases in the number of entries into the center zone (I), percentage of time spent in the center zone (J) and total distance traveled (K), and a significant increase in immobility time (L). Mirtazapine significantly increased the percentage of time spent in the center zone (J) and decreased immobility time (L), whereas selegiline did not alter the low-social behavior of CD157 KO mice (I−L). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 11−12 for saline-treated WT and CD157 KO mice and selegiline-treated KO mice, n = 7−8 for mirtazapine-treated CD157 KO mice). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001, saline-treated CD157 KO mice vs. saline-treated WT mice (Student’s t-test); ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.005, ^####P < 0.001 vs. saline-treated CD157 KO mice (Dunnett’s test). (A) F_(2,29) = 3.711, P < 0.05; (B) F_(2,29) = 1.874, P = 0.172; (C) F_(2,29) = 2.227, P = 0.126; (D) F_(2,29) = 3.537, P < 0.05; (E) F_(2,29) = 9.018, P < 0.005; (F) F_(2,29) = 13.980, P < 0.001; (G) F_(2,29) = 5.932, P < 0.01; (H) F_(2,29) = 8.249, P < 0.005; (I) F_(2,28) = 2.397, P = 0.109; (J) F_(2,28) = 4.810, P < 0.05; (K) F_(2,28) = 2.188, P = 0.131; (L) F_(2,28) = 4.804, P < 0.05.