Table 5.
Solvent | PTC[c] | Additive[d] | T [°C] | t [h] | Yield [%] | trans/cis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | CH3CN | – | – | 45 | 18 | 80 | 74:26 |
2 | THF | – | – | 45 | 18 | 67 | 76:24 |
3 | PhMe | – | – | 45 | 18 | 47 | 75:25 |
4 | PhCl | – | – | 45 | 18 | 52 | 76:24 |
5 | Dioxane | – | – | 45 | 18 | 13 | – |
6 | 1,2‐Dichloro ethane | – | – | 45 | 18 | 38 | 74:26 |
7 | DMF | – | – | 45 | 18 | 64 | 75:25 |
8[b] | MeOH | – | – | 45 | 18 | – | – |
9 | THF | Aliquat® 336 | – | 45 | 18 | >99 | 76:24 |
10 | THF | Aliquat® 336 | – | 45 | 4 | >99 | 76:24 |
11 | THF | Aliquat® 336 | – | 45 | 2 | >99 | 76:24 |
12 | PhMe | Aliquat® 336 | – | 45 | 18 | >99 | 76:24 |
13 | PhCl | Aliquat® 336 | – | 45 | 18 | 94 | 75:25 |
14 | THF | Aliquat® 336 | – | 20 | 18 | 85c | 76:24 |
15 | CH2Cl2 | Aliquat® 336 | – | 20 | 18 | 16c | – |
16 | CH2Cl2 | – | – | 20 | 18 | – | – |
17 | THF | – | 1‐methyl‐ imidazole | 45 | 18 | 96 | 75:25 |
18 | THF | – | DMAP | 45 | 18 | 86 | 74:26 |
19 | THF | – | pyridine | 45 | 18 | >99 | 76:24 |
20 | THF | – | 2,4,6‐trimethyl pyridine | 45 | 18 | >99 | 76:24 |
[a] Reactions were performed under N2 with 1.0 equiv. of sodium benzyl tosylhydrazone, 3.0 equiv. of methylacrylate and 3 mol % [Co(MeTAA)]. Concentration: 0.675 mmol sodium benzyl tosylhydrazone/5 mL solvent; [b] methyl 3‐methoxypropanoate is obtained as the sole product; [c] 0.15 equiv. Aliquat®336; [d] 0.5 equiv. additive. [f] Aliquat ® 336 is a quaternary ammonium salt that contains a mixture of C8 (octyl) and C10 (decyl) chains (predominantly C8) and a chloride counter ion.