Table 1.
Univariable Risk Factors for Cryptococcosis in Patients with and without Cryptococcosis among 42634 Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
| Risk Factor | No. (%) of Patients | HR (95% CI) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With Cryptococcosis (n = 158) | Without Cryptococcosis (n = 42476) | |||
| Age | ||||
| 18–40 years | 16 (10.1) | 8456 (19.9) | 1 | |
| 41–50 years | 35 (22.2) | 8925 (21.0) | 2.07 (1.14–3.74) | .016 |
| 51–60 years | 50 (31.6) | 13119 (30.9) | 2.04 (1.16–3.58) | .013 |
| 60–70 years | 48 (30.4) | 9969 (23.5) | 2.67 (1.52–4.71) | .007 |
| >70 years | <11 | 2007 (4.7) | 2.50 (1.10–5.65) | .028 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 74 (46.8) | 20926 (49.3) | 1 | |
| Black | 17 (10.7) | 6363 (14.9) | 0.78 (0.46–1.34) | .359 |
| Hispanic | 42 (26.6) | 8981 (21.1) | 1.36 (0.93–1.98) | .114 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 13 (8.2) | 3364 (7.9) | 1.11 (0.62– 2.02) | .728 |
| Other or missing | 12 (7.6) | 2842 (6.7) | 1.31 (0.71–2.42) | .382 |
| Female sex | 54 (34.1) | 15882 (37.4) | 0.95 (0.89–1.01) | .596 |
| Type of Insurance | ||||
| Private/Medicare/Others | 133 (84.2) | 38489 (90.6) | 1 | |
| Medicaid/Self-pay | 25 (15.8) | 3987 (9.4) | 1.80 (1.17–2.75) | .007 |
| Income Quartile | ||||
| 0–25th | 73 (46.2) | 13081 (30.8) | 2.10 (1.30–3.33) | .002 |
| 26–50th | 35 (22.1) | 9367 (22.0) | 1.54 (0.91–2.58) | .105 |
| 51–75th | 26 (16.5) | 10115 (23.8) | 1.05 (0.60–1.83) | .857 |
| 76–100th | 24 (15.2) | 9913 (23.3) | 1 | |
| Type of Transplant | ||||
| Kidney | 89 (56.3) | 27129 (63.9) | 1 | |
| Liver | 40 (25.3) | 8970 (21.1) | 1.32 (0.91–1.92) | .142 |
| Lung | 15 (9.5) | 2223 (5.2) | 2.06 (1.19–3.57) | .009 |
| Heart | 13 (8.2) | 3059 (7.2) | 1.29 (0.72–2.30) | .397 |
| Others (multiorgan) | <11 | 1095 (2.6) | 0.27 (0.04–1.93) | .191 |
| Prior transplant failure/rejection | 85 (53.8) | 22475 (52.9) | 0.50 (0.16–1.59) | .244 |
| Other Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 86 (54.4) | 15898 (37.4) | 2.03 (1.48–2.78) | .001 |
| Renal failure | 16 (10.1) | 5110 (12.0) | 0.84 (0.52–1.41) | .512 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 19 (12.0) | 4308 (10.1) | 1.20 (0.74–1.93) | .421 |
| Congestive heart failure | 16 (10.1) | 4127 (9.7) | 1.02 (0.63–1.71) | .930 |
| Liver disease | 10 (6.3) | 2243 (5.3) | 1.22 (0.65–2.33) | .532 |
| Connective tissue disorder | <11 | 1923 (4.5) | 0.56 (0.20–1.51) | .252 |
| Prior transplantation | <11 | 1489 (3.5) | 0.51 (0.16–1.59) | .243 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.