Figure 8. Nor-1 expression increases autophagolysosome formation in skeletal muscle cells.

A, C2C12 myoblasts were cotransfected with LC3A-GFP-RFP and with either Nor-1 expression vector (Nor-1) or empty vector (control). B, The level of RFP fluorescence as a percentage relative to GFP fluorescence was quantified using OBCOL plugin in ImageJ. C, Western blot analysis was performed on nonexercised and exercised quadriceps femoris muscle extracts 1 hour after exercise (n = 4). D and E, Relative density normalized to GAPDH of Western blotting band intensity. Statistical calculation was performed using a Student's t test, and P values are indicated on graphs as follows: *, P < .05; **, P < .01; ***, P < .001.