Table 1.
Summary of findings table for the impact of sanitation on latrine coverage and latrine use.
| Outcomes | N studies | Absolute difference (95% CI) | Quality of Evidence (GRADE)b |
|---|---|---|---|
| Household based studies | |||
| Change in latrine coverage | 27a | 14% (10%, 18%) | Low to Very Lowb |
| Change in latrine use | 10a | 13% (5%, 21%) | Low |
| School-based studies | |||
| Change in pupil to latrine ratios | 4 | −14 unit decrease in pupils per latrine (confidence intervals not estimatable) | Low to Very Low |
| Change in latrine use | 4 | Inconsistent reporting; Mixed results | Low to Very Low |
a
An additional nine studies assessing coverage and one study assessing use either did not include a measure of variation or had control groups that received a different type of sanitation interventions and as a result were not included in the meta-analyses.
b
The GRADE scores indicate that the quality of evidence for each outcome is primarily low to very low, which means we have very little confidence in the pooled effect estimates (i.e. the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect).