Table 1. Clinical characteristics according to baseline PTX3 concentration.
| Characteristics | PTX3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | T1 (3.1-41.0) | T2 (41.1-137.5) | T3 (137.6-9248.1) | P across tertiles | |
| No. (%) | 958 (100.0%) | 319 (33.3%) | 319 (33.3%) | 320 (33.4%) | |
| PTX3 – median [Q1-Q3] | 71.8 [32.9-186.3] | 24.5 [14.8-32.9 ] | 71.8 [51.2-103.2] | 244.2 [186.1-480.4] | -- |
| Age – year | 70.0 [58.0-78.0] | 67.0 [54.0–77.0] | 70.0 [57.0-77.0] | 71.0 [63.0–79.0] | 0.001 |
| Female sex – No. (%) | 395 (41.2%) | 124 (38.9%) | 124 (38.9%) | 147 (45.9%) | 0.11 |
| Body Mass Index – kg/m2 | 26.4 ±5.6 | 27.2 ± 6.2 | 26.4 ± 5.5 | 25.8 ± 4.8 | 0.007 |
| Reason for admission to ICU – No. (%) | |||||
| Medical | 540 (56.4%) | 167 (52.4%) | 183 (57.4%) | 190 (59.4%) | 0.10 |
| Elective surgery | 67 (7.0%) | 30 (9.4%) | 23 (7.2%) | 14 (4.4%) | |
| Emergency surgery | 351 (36.6%) | 122 (38.2%) | 113 (35.4%) | 116 (36.2%) | |
| Preexisting conditions – No. (%) | |||||
| Liver disease | 14 (1.5%) | 4 (1.3%) | 7 (2.2%) | 3 (0.9%) | 0.39 |
| COPD | 120 (12.5%) | 39 (12.2%) | 44 (13.8%) | 37 (11.6%) | 0.68 |
| Chronic renal failure | 42 (4.4%) | 12 (3.8%) | 17 (5.3%) | 13 (4.1%) | 0.59 |
| Immunodeficiency | 124 (12.9%) | 31 (9.7%) | 42 (13.2%) | 51 (15.9%) | 0.06 |
| Congestive or ischemic heart disease | 164 (17.1%) | 51 (16.0%) | 70 (21.9%) | 43 (13.4%) | 0.01 |
| SAPS II score | 46.7 ±15.6 | 40.9 ± 13.7 | 46.3 ± 14.4 | 53.1 ± 16.1 | <0.0001 |
| Physiological variables | |||||
| Heart rate – beats/min | 103.8 ± 20.8 | 98.8 ± 19.9 | 102.0 ± 19.9 | 110.7 ± 20.7 | < .0001 |
| Mean arterial pressure – mm Hg | 74.6 ± 15.0 | 78.4 ± 14.9 | 74.5 ± 14.7 | 70.9 ± 14.3 | < .0001 |
| Mean arterial pressure after 6 h – mm Hg | 78.3 ± 13.4 | 81.0 ± 13.5 | 78.8 ± 12.9 | 75.0 ± 13.2 | < .0001 |
| Central venous pressure – mm Hg | 9.9 ± 4.6 | 9.7 ± 4.4 | 9.7 ± 4.6 | 10.5 ± 4.9 | 0.07 |
| Urine output – ml/h | 60 [30–100] | 60 [40–100] | 70 [35–100] | 50 [20–100] | 0.002 |
| Central venous oxygen saturation | 72.6 ± 9.8 | 73.5 ± 9.1 | 72.5 ± 9.2 | 71.8 ± 10.9 | 0.12 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 1.9 [1.3–2.7] | 2.0 [1.4–2.8] | 1.9 [1.3-2.7] | 1.9 [1.2-2.7] | 0.10 |
| Laboratory values | |||||
| Serum albumin – g/liter | 24.4 ± 6.2 | 24.7 ± 6.0 | 24.5 ± 6.5 | 24.2 ± 6.4 | 0.64 |
| Hemoglobin – g/dL | 10.9 ± 2.0 | 10.7 ± 2.0 | 11.0 ± 1.8 | 11.1 ± 2.1 | 0.04 |
| Serum lactate – mmol/L | 2.3 [1.4–4.0] | 1.7 [1.1–2.6] | 2.2 [1.5-3.7] | 3.4 [2.0-5.6] | < .0001 |
| Serum creatinine – mg/dL | 1.5 [0.9–2.5] | 1.1 [0.7–1.8] | 1.5 [0.9–2.5] | 1.9 [1.2–2.8] | < .0001 |
| White blood cells – 103/mm3 | 12.0 [5.7–18.6] | 12.7 [8.0–18.2] | 12.2 [6.4–19.2] | 9.1 [3.3–18.1] | < .0001 |
| Total serum bilirubin – mg/dL | 0.8 [0.5–1.5] | 0.8 [0.5–1.4] | 0.8 [0.5–1.5] | 0.9 [0.6–1.7] | 0.11 |
| Platelets – x 103/mm3 | 166 [102-237] | 174 [121-245] | 167 [104-247] | 148 [85–216] | 0.0003 |
| Circulating biomarkers on day 1 (median [Q1-Q3]) | |||||
| Presepsin – ng/L | 946 [492-1887] | 682 [426-1495] | 900 [486-1786] | 1213 [611-2334] | < .0001 |
| Hs-cTnT – ng/L | 50.4 [21.7-133.5] | 33.7 [14.8-76.0] | 50.0 [21.7-111.6] | 84.2 [36.5-217.0] | < .0001 |
| SOFA score [at baseline] | 7 [5-10] | 6 [4-8] | 7 [5-9] | 9 [7-10] | < .0001 |
| SOFA sub-score -respiration | 2 [2-3] | 2 [2-3] | 2 [2-3] | 2 [2-3] | 0.56 |
| SOFA sub-score -coagulation | 0 [0-1] | 0 [0-1] | 0 [0-1] | 1 [0-2] | 0.0006 |
| SOFA sub-score -liver | 0 [0-1] | 0 [0-1] | 0 [0-1] | 0 [0-1] | 0.13 |
| SOFA sub-score -cardiovascular | 3 [0-4] | 2 [0-3] | 3 [0-4] | 3 [1.5-4] | < .0001 |
| SOFA sub-score -kidney | 1 [0-2] | 0 [0-2] | 1 [0-2] | 2 [1-3] | < .0001 |
| Shock – No. (%) | 540 (56.4%) | 145 (45.5%) | 183 (57.4%) | 212 (66.3%) | <.0001 |
| Mechanical ventilation – No. (%) | 760 (79.3%) | 259 (81.2%) | 250 (78.4%) | 251 (78.4%) | 0.60 |
| Randomized to albumin– No. (%) | 474 (49.5%) | 173 (54.2%) | 155 (48.6%) | 146 (45.6%) | 0.09 |
| ICU mortality – No. (%) | 253 (26.4%) | 60 (18.8%) | 78 (24.5%) | 115 (35.9%) | < .0001 |
| 28-day mortality – No. (%) | 263/949 (27.7%) | 63/312 (20.2%) | 84/318 (26.4%) | 116/319 (36.4%) | < .0001 |
| 90-day mortality – No. (%) | 369/945 (39.1%) | 98/312 (31.4%) | 123/315 (39.1%) | 148/318 (46.5%) | 0.0005 |
| Positive blood culture – No. (%) | 271/852 (31.8%) | 64/286 (22.4%) | 88/281 (31.3%) | 119/285 (41.8%) | < .0001 |
| Antibiotics at randomization – No. (%) | 898 (93.7%) | 302 (94.7%) | 300 (94.0%) | 296 (92.5%) | 0.51 |
| Antibiotics 6 hours after randomization – No. (%) | 954 (99.6%) | 319 (100.0%) | 318 (99.7%) | 317 (99.1%) | 0.33 |
| Patients enrolled within 6 hours – No. (%) | 296 (30.9%) | 85 (26.7%) | 90 (28.2%) | 121 (37.8%) | 0.004 |
| Patients enrolled within 6-24 hours – No. (%) | 662 (69.1%) | 234 (73.3%) | 229 (71.8%) | 199 (62.2%) | |
| Time between enrolment and sampling on day 1 (h) | 20.1 ± 6.3 | 20.8 ± 6.2 | 20.4 ± 6.0 | 19.1 ± 6.5 | 0.0006 |
Kruskal-Wallis or Fisher’s tests, as appropriate.