Table 2.
The DNA methylation for cancer detection
| Cancer type | Marker | Sensitivity | Specificity | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colorectal cancer | MLH1 | 3/18 (17%) | N/A | [128] |
| CDKN2A (INK4A) | 14/52 (27%) | 44/44 (100%) | [129] | |
| ALX4 | 21/58 (36%) | N/A | [130] | |
| CDH4 | 25/30 (83%) | 36/52 (70%) | [131] | |
| NGFR | 32/46 (70%) | 17/17 (100%) | [127] | |
| RUNX3 | 68/133 (51%) | 150/179 (84%) | [132] | |
| SEPT9 | 11/17 (65%) | 10/10 (100%) | [133], [134] | |
| TMEFF2 | 87/133 (65%) | 123/179 (69%) | [132] | |
| Breast cancer | CDKN2A (INK4A) | 5/35 (14%) | N/A | [135] |
| Lung cancer | CDKN2A (INK4A) | 3/22 (14%) | N/A | [136] |
| DAPK1 | 4/22 (18%) | N/A | ||
| GSTP1 | 1/22 (5%) | N/A | ||
Note: Table was adapted from Jin et al. [126] with permission. MLH1, mutL homolog 1; CDKN2A (INK4A), cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; ALX4, ALX homeobox 4; CDH4, cadherin 4; NGFR, nerve growth factor receptor; RUNX3, Runt related transcription factor 3; SEPT9, septin 9; TMEFF2, transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two follistatin-like domains 2; DAPK1, death associated protein kinase 1; GSTP1, glutathione S-transferase Pi 1.