Table 4.

Fathers who took leave were more likely to be involved in child-care related tasks when children were 2 -3 years old than fathers who did not take leave.

Fathers’ involvement when children were 2 -3 years old, by leave-taking and country
	Australia: involvement at age 2-3				United Kingdom: involvement at age 2-3				United States: involvement at age 2-3
	All	Took leave	No leave	p-value	All	Took leave	No leave	p-value	All	Took leave	No leave	p-value
	%	%	%		%	%	%		%	%	%
At least once a day
Feed child	30.9	31.5	26.3	+	-	-	-		42.9	43.0	42.0
Help child get dressed	27.2	27.8	23.5	+	-	-	-		45.5	45.1	48.7
Get child to bed	26.3	27.9	19.3	***	23.5	24.1	21.3	**	60.5	61.0	56.7
Diaper child	38.8	40.5	34.3	**	-	-	-		41.8	42.3	38.0
Looks after the child on his own	-	-	-		-	-	-		-	-	-
Gets up at night for child	-	-	-		-	-	-		-	-	-
Help child brush her/his teeth	20.0	21.4	13.9	**	-	-	-		34.1	34.2	33.6
Evening meal	54.8	53.5	55.0		-	-	-		-	-	-
Take child outside to play	-	-	-		-	-	-		29.3	29.1	30.2
At least few times a week
Give child a bath	73.1	75.5	66.2	***	-	-	-		23.2	23.2	23.4
Read books to child	-	-	-		23.0	24.2	18.5	***	43.4	45.0	30.3	***
Play with the child	-	-	-		41.6	41.5	42.2		-	-	-
Summary indicator of all items1
Low (1st tertile)	29.0	24.3	30.5	**	35.7	33.7	44.2	***	33.9	33.2	39.3	*
Medium (2nd tertile)	32.4	30.1	33.6		39.2	40.7	33	***	34.5	34.7	32.3
High (3rd tertile)	38.6	45.6	35.9	***	25.1	25.6	22.7	+	31.7	32.1	28.4

Note:

⁺p<.10;

^*p<.05;

^**p<.01;

^***p<.001.

¹The number of activities in each summary indicator was the following: 7 in Australia; 3 in the United Kingdom; and, 8 in the United States