Table A4.
Effects of leave taking on father’s involvement at 9 months – United Kingdom
| Model 1 | Model 2 - supplementary analysis | Model 3 - supplementary analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| odd ratios | std error | odd ratios | std error | odd ratios | std error | |
| Feed child at least daily | ||||||
| Father’s leave (ref.=no leave) | ||||||
| Paternity or parental leave | 1.20* | [0.09] | 1.21* | [0.09] | 1.21* | [0.09] |
| Annual leave | 1.02 | [0.08] | 1.02 | [0.08] | 1.03 | [0.08] |
| Other leave inc sick leave | 1.19 | [0.13] | 1.20* | [0.13] | 1.19+ | [0.13] |
|
| ||||||
| Changes diaper at least daily | ||||||
| Father’s leave (ref.=no leave) | ||||||
| Paternity or parental leave | 1.39** | [0.09] | 1.38** | [0.09] | 1.38** | [0.09] |
| Annual leave | 1.14+ | [0.08] | 1.13+ | [0.08] | 1.14+ | [0.08] |
| Other leave inc sick leave | 1.25* | [0.13] | 1.25* | [0.13] | 1.25* | [0.13] |
|
| ||||||
| Gets up at night for child at least once a day | ||||||
| Father’s leave (ref.=no leave) | ||||||
| Paternity or parental leave | 1.29** | [0.11] | 1.28** | [0.11] | 1.28** | [0.11] |
| Annual leave | 1.27* | [0.12] | 1.26* | [0.12] | 1.26* | [0.12] |
| Other leave inc sick leave | 1.10 | [0.14] | 1.10 | [0.14] | 1.10 | [0.14] |
|
| ||||||
| Looks after the child on his own at least once a day | ||||||
| Father’s leave (ref.=no leave) | ||||||
| Paternity or parental leave | 1.07 | [0.09] | 1.06 | [0.09] | 1.07 | [0.09] |
| Annual leave | 0.79* | [0.08] | 0.78* | [0.08] | 0.79* | [0.08] |
| Other leave inc sick leave | 1.12 | [0.13] | 1.12 | [0.14] | 1.12 | [0.13] |
Notes:
+
p < 0.10,
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01,
***
p < 0.001.
Model 1 includes controls for child, father, mother and family characteristics. Model 2 includes same controls as Model 1 plus pre-birth commitment variables. Model 3 includes same controls as Model 1 plus pre-birth commitment variables.