Fig 3. Enhancement of mitochondrial activities by H2 treatment.
(A) H2 treatment enhanced JC-1-indicated ΔΨm, which was expressed as the ratio of monomers to aggregates. (B) H2 treatment enhanced the accumulation of ATP, which was expressed as a percentage compared with cells not treated with mixed gases (considered as 100%). SH-SY5Y cells were incubated in culture medium containing either Glc or Gal under N2- or H2-mixed gas for 18 h. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (A, B). (C) H2 treatment enhanced the O2 consumption rate in state 3. O2 consumption was monitored with high-resolution respirometry. *P < 0.05. (D) The mtDNA copy number relative to nDNA in cells incubated under H2-mixed gas was quantified by real-time PCR analysis, and expressed relative to those in cells incubated under N2-mixed gas.