Table 1. Default values of parameters used in simulations unless stated otherwise.

τm	20 ms	membrane time constant
tref	4 ms	absolute refractory period
uth	15 mV	threshold (non-adapting part)
ur	0 mV	reset potential
c	10 Hz	escape rate at threshold
Δu	2 mV	noise level
Δ	1 ms	transmission delay
${\tau }_{\text{s}}^E$	3 ms	decay time constant of excitatory synapses
${\tau }_{\text{s}}^I$	6 ms	decay time constant of inhibitory synapses