Table 2.

Univariate analysis to include independent variables for diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

Variable	β	SE	P‐value	OR	95% CI
Glucose profile
FPG	0.098	0.026	<0.001	1.103	1.048–1.161
PBG	0.081	0.017	<0.001	1.084	1.049–1.121
FINS	0.006	0.003	0.031	1.006	1.001–1.012
HbA1c	0.033	0.012	0.009	1.033	1.008–1.058
DMD	0.031	0.012	0.010	1.031	1.007–1.056
HOMA‐IR	0.033	0.012	0.009	1.033	1.008–1058
HOMA‐ISI	−3.088	2.738	0.259	0.046	0.001–9.758
HOMA‐β	0.001	0.000	0.249	1.000	1.000–1.001
Covariance
Age	0.035	0.009	<0.001	1.036	1.018–1.054
Sex	0.20	0.146	0.172	1.221	0.917–1.627
BMI	0.029	0.012	0.043	1.03	1.010–1.070
SBP	0.004	0.004	0.242	1.004	0.997–1.011
DBP	0.002	0.007	0.806	1.002	0.988–1.016
TC	0.067	0.065	0.308	1.069	0.940–1.215
TG	0.257	0.060	<0.001	1.293	1.150–1.455
HDL	−0.231	0.243	0.340	0.793	0.493–1.277
LDL	−0.04	0.086	0.645	0.961	0.811–1.138
SCr	0.005	0.003	0.073	1.005	1.000–1.011
HR	0.091	0.009	<0.001	1.095	1.076–1.114
Smoking	0.210	0.180	0.242	1.234	0.868–1.756
HTN	0.12	0.153	0.433	1.128	0.835–1.523
HTND	0.014	0.007	0.050	1.014	1.000–1.028
MetS	0.527	0.175	0.003	1.694	1.202–2.387

CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FINS, fasting blood insulin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA‐β, homeostatic model assessment of β‐cell function; HOMA‐IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA‐ISI, homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity index; HR, heart rate; HTN, hypertension; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; MetS, metabolic syndrome; OR, odds ratio; PBG, plasma blood glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCr, serum creatinine; SE, standard error; TC, serum total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.