Table 3.
Dual-specific TFs in fungal and metazoan genomes.
| Fungi | Animals | Comments | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genomes with TF (%) | Max | Genomes with TF (%) | Max | ||
| Zn cluster+C2H2-like ZF | 140 (73) | 23 | – | Ubiquitous in fungi | |
| C2H2-like ZF+HD | 115 (60) | 27 | 53 (96) | 7 | Ubiquitous |
| Zn_cluster+C2H2-like+HD | 64 (34) | 3 | – | Ascomycete-specific | |
| GATA+HD | 60 (31) | 3 | 6 (11) | 2 | F: Rare in ascomycetes. M: Not in chordates |
| Zn_cluster+HD | 35 (18) | 3 | – | ||
| Copper fist+Zn cluster | 29 (15) | 2 | – | – | Not found in zygomycetes |
| bZIP+HLH | 22 (12) | 2 | – | – | |
| Zn cluster+bZIP | 10 (5) | 1 | – | ||
| bZIP+C2H2 | 9 (5) | 1 | 42 (76) | 5 | F: Not found in basidiomycetes. M: Higher in fish, not in worms. |
| HD+lambda repressor-like | 7 (4) | 7 | 39 (71) | 9 | F: Mostly found in zygomycetes. M: Not in insects; higher in fish; expansion in lancelet |
| bZIP+HD-like | 5 (3) | 1 | – | – | Not found in zygomycetes |
| GATA+Zn cluster | 5 (3) | 1 | – | – | |
| GR-like+GATA | – | – | 55 (100) | 13 | Ubiquitous in Metazoa |
| HD+GR-like | – | – | 55 (100) | 19 | Higher in fish |
| CUT, HD+CUT | – | – | 53 (96) | 12 | Higher in fish |
| zf-C2H2+GR-like | – | – | 12 (22) | 137 | Insect-specific |
| C2H2+GATA | – | – | 9 (16) | 2 | Arthropoda-specific |
The analysis was run in 191 fungal and 55 animal TFomes. No dual-specific TFs were found in Microsporidia and protists with one exception of an expansion of GR-like+GATA in amoeba. In fungi, the dsTFs are almost totally absent in yeast (Saccharomycotina as well as Taphrinomycotina) The number in parentheses shows the percentage of genomes in the respective sets (fungal or metazoan), which possess the TF. “Max” is the maximal number of TFs per species. F, fungi; M, metazoa.