Table 2. Potential risk genes for BD identified in youth at high risk through a combined transcriptome and methylome analysis.
| Gene | Definition | Analysis | Locus | Linkage | GWASa | GWESb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALDH6A1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family, member A1 | E | 14q24.3 | − | − | + |
| ARID4B | AT-rich interactive domain 4B | E | 1q42.3 | − | − | + |
| ATP6V1F | ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 14 kDa, V1 subunit F | E | 7q32.1 | − | − | − |
| ATP8B2 | ATPase, aminophospholipid transporter, class I, type 8B, member 2 | E | 1q21.3 | − | − | − |
| CLASRP | CLK4−associating serine/arginine-rich protein | E | 19q13.32 | + | − | + |
| CLPTM1 | Cleft lip and palate-associated transmembrane protein 1 | E | 19q13.32 | + | − | + |
| COG5 | Component of oligomeric Golgi complex 5 | E | 7q22.3 | − | − | − |
| CPQ | Carboxypeptidase Q | M | 8q22.1 | − | − | − |
| DNAJC7 | DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 7 | E | 17q21.2 | − | − | + |
| FASTK | Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase | E | 7q36.1 | − | − | − |
| FBXW11 | F-box and WD repeat domain containing 11 | E | 5q35.1 | − | − | + |
| GLUL | Glutamate–ammonia ligase | M | 1q25.3 | − | − | − |
| GTF2A1 | General transcription factor IIA, 1, 19/37 kDa | E | 14q31.1 | − | − | − |
| HINT3 | Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 3 | E | 6q22.32 | − | − | − |
| HOOK2 | Hook microtubule-tethering protein 2 | M | 19p13.13 | − | − | − |
| HSPA1L | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like | E | 6p21.33 | − | − | − |
| HUWE1 | HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase | E | Xp11.22 | − | − | + |
| IL7R | Interleukin 7 receptor | E | 5p13.2 | − | − | − |
| LCE2D | Late cornified envelope 2D | M | 1q21.3 | − | − | − |
| LSM14B | LSM family member 14B | E | 20q13.33 | − | − | − |
| MAGI2 | Membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 2 | M | 7q21.11 | + | − | − |
| MED1 | Mediator complex subunit 1 | E | 17q12 | − | − | − |
| MTF2 | Metal response element-binding transcription factor 2 | E | 1p22.1 | − | − | + |
| NLK | Nemo-like kinase | M | 17q11.2 | − | − | + |
| NUCKS1 | Nuclear casein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 | E | 1q32.1 | − | − | + |
| PBX2 | Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 2 | E | 6p21.32 | − | − | − |
| PCNX | Pecanex homolog (Drosophila) | M | 14q24.2 | − | − | − |
| PEX2 | Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 2 | E | 8q21.13 | − | − | − |
| PITPNM1 | Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein, membrane-associated 1 | E | 11q13.2 | − | − | − |
| PQLC2L (C3orf55) | PQ loop repeat containing 2-like | M | 3q25.32 | − | − | − |
| PRR14 | Proline-rich 14 | E | 16p11.2 | − | − | + |
| SAFB2 | Scaffold attachment factor B2 | E | 19p13.3 | − | − | + |
| SLC45A4 | Solute carrier family 45, member 4 | M | 8q24.3 | + | + | + |
| SNORA65 | Small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 65 | E | 9q33.3 | − | − | − |
| SUZ12 | SUZ12 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit | E | 17q11.2 | − | − | + |
| TAF15 | TAF15 RNA polymerase II, TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 68 kDa | E | 17q12 | − | − | + |
| THOC2 | THO complex 2 | E | Xq25 | − | − | + |
| UBE2E1 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2E 1 | E | 3p24.2 | − | − | − |
| ZNF195 | Zinc finger 195 | M | 11p15.4 | − | − | − |
| ZNF234 | Zinc finger 234 | E | 19q13.31 | + | − | + |
| ZNF641 | Zinc finger 641 | E | 12q13.11 | − | − | + |
Abbreviations: BD, bipolar disorder; E, expression; GWAS, genome-wide association study; GWES, genome-wide expression study; M, methylation.
a
GWAS, results from dbGaP.
b
GWES, results from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).