Fig. 3. In situ investigations of the reaction kinetics. (a) In situ Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectra of the Ni (blue), nanophase-separated Ni3Nb (red) and Nb2O5 (green) acquired in the He-balanced reactant gas at 400 °C. (b) In situ X-ray photoemission (XPS) spectra for the (111) surface of single-crystalline Ni that was exposed to a monolayer of NO adsorption under ultra-high vacuum (UHV). The measurement temperature ranged from 100 to 800 °C. (c) In situ XPS spectra for the Ni3Nb surface acquired under the same conditions as those in (b).
