Table 4.
Articles reporting on stroke-related health inequalities.
| Article | Year/duration of research | Country of research | Study type | Population (n) | Aim |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Addo et al. 201119 | 2007–2009 | UK, England | Population-based stroke register | 3800 with first ever ischaemic stroke or primary intracerebral haemorrhage between 1995–2009 | To investigate time trends in receipt of effective stroke care and to determine factors associated with provision of care |
| Banerjee et al. 201031 | 2003–2007 | UK | Prospective database | 811 (stroke = 736) | To analyse differences between south Asian and white risk factor profile |
| Bhopal et al. 201228 | 2001–2008 | UK, Scotland | Retrospective cohort study | 4.65 million from census and stroke database | To show links of ethnic variations and stroke incidence |
| Busch et al. 200922 | 1995–2004 | UK, England (London) | Prospective, population-based study | 2874 first ever strokes | To investigate the frequency and determinants of return to paid work after stroke |
| Chen et al. 201417 | 1995–2011 | UK, England (London) | Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data | 4398 first ever stroke | Assess the associations between SES and survival after stroke |
| Chen et al. 201520 | 1995–2011 | UK, England (London) | Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data | 2104 alive at 3 months post stroke | To assess the association between SES and functional impairment post stroke in relation to age, sex phenotype differences |
| Hajat et al. 200129 | 1995–1998 | UK, England | Prospective population-based study | 1254 first ever stroke | To establish the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with first-ever stroke—relationship with ethnicity |
| Hart et al. 200013 | Had been screened in 1972–1976 | UK, Scotland | Prospective questionnaire | 467 men and 535 women | Investigate stroke differentials by socioeconomic position in adulthood |
| Heuschmann et al. 200815 | 1995–2004 | UK, England | Prospective population-based study | 2874 first time stroke | Investigate trends in stroke incidence and modifiable risk factors between different ethnic groups |
| Kerr et al. 201114 | 2007–2008 | UK, Scotland | Prospective multi-centred observational study | 467 stroke and TIA (stroke = 313) | To determine whether low SES stroke/TIA patients have reduced health care access |
| Kunst et al. 199818 | 1980s | England, Wales, Ireland, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, France, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Portugal, USA | Retrospective review of national longitudinal and cross-sectional studies | Number of participants not stated | To present an international overview of socioeconomic differences in stroke mortality |
| Men aged 30–64 with stroke | |||||
| Lazzarino et al. 201133 | 2006–2009 | UK, England | Not clear if data collected retrospectively or prospectively | 209,174 emergency admissions for stroke | To describe the use of brain scanning in English hospitals and identify patient groups being excluded from appropriate care |
| McCartney et al. 201421 | 1995–2003 | UK, England and Scotland | Retrospective review of 18 cohort studies (15 English and 3 Scottish) | 193,873 Pooled data from 18 cohorts | To what extent SES, behavioural, anthropometric, and biological explain high levels of mortality in Scotland compared to England |
| McFadden et al. 200916 | 1993–1997 and followed up until 2007 | UK, England | Prospective population study | 22,488 Followed up for stroke | To investigate the association between working social class and stroke incidence |
| 39-79 years old | |||||
| McKevitt et al. 200526 | 1995–2000 | UK, England | Population-based stroke register | 1635 first ever stroke | Investigate the associations between SES and provision of acute and long-term stroke care |
| Power et al. 200534 | Over 45 year period | UK | Prospective study (follow up of 45 years) | 11,855 Women aged 14–49 (stroke = 217 participants but discussed separately) | To see if women’s childhood socioeconomic position influenced their risk of mortality |
| Putman et al. 200735 | Not stated | 6 stroke rehab units in Europe: UK, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium | Prospective, multi-centre population-based | 419 first ever stroke aged 40–85 | Examine the impact of education and income on recovery after stroke |
| Raine et al. 200932 | 1995–2005 | UK, England | Cohort study using data from primary care database | 12,830 aged 50+ who suffered a stroke between 1995–2005 and survived for the first 30 days | To determine extent to which secondary drug prevention for stroke pts varies by sex age and SES |
| Redfern et al. 200222 | 1995–1998 | UK, England (London) | Prospective population-based study | 717 first ever stroke | Access to health care follow-up after stroke |
| Smeeton et al. 200730 | 1995–2004 | UK, England (London) | Prospective population-based study | 566 first ever stroke | To see if race varied with incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage or subarachnoid haemorrhage |
| Wang et al. 201325 | 1995–2010 | UK, England (London) | Prospective population-based study | 4245 first ever stroke | Investigate age and ethnic disparities in stroke incidence |
| Wolfe et al. 200224 | 1995–1998 | UK, England (London) | Population-based stroke register | 1254 first ever stroke | Identify sociodemographic differences in incidence of stroke |
| Wolfe et al. 200527 | 1995–2002 | UK, England (London) | Population-based stroke register with follow-up | 2321 first ever stroke | Identify ethnic differences in survival after stroke |