Table 1.

Differential Diagnosis of Acute Rhabdomyolysis in the Pediatric Age Group.

Causes	Examples
Infection	Most common cause of those younger than 10 years of age Viral causes are leading causes (viral myositis)
Trauma	Leading causes in teenagers Asphyxia, burns, nonaccidental abuse, strenuous exercise
Genetic or metabolic diseases	Glycogen phosphorylase deficiency type 5 (McArdle disease) Phosphofructokinase deficiency Mitochondrial disease Connective tissue diseases (dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]) Muscular dystrophy
Neurological diseases	Guillain-Barre syndrome
Drugs	Ethanol, amphetamines, antihistamines, salicylates
Malignant hyperthermia
Cold exposure
Dehydration