Fig. 7. Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles.
A) Schematic of RBC membrane-coated nanoparticle fabrication via an extrusion method. B) Monitoring of fluorescent nanoparticle signal over time demonstrates enhanced circulation for the membrane-coated nanoparticles. C) Schematic of the different applications towards which platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles can be applied, including targeting of damaged vasculature and pathogen binding. D) Platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles do not target intact endothelium (top), but show significant binding when the endothelial layer is removed (bottom). Scale bar = 200 μm. E) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (top) shows significant binding when incubated with platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles (bottom). Scale bar = 1 μm. A,B adapted with permission from [206]. National Academy of Sciences, 2011. C–E adapted with permission from [229]. Nature Publishing Group, 2015.