Table 3. Logistic Regression Odds ratios for the association between IPV victimization before and during pregnancy and PPD (N = 426).

	Independent variables	Postpartum Depression, AOR (95% CI)
Model I	IPV Before Pregnancy
	Any physical
	No	1.00
	Yes	3.53 (1.40–8.88)**
	Any sexual
	No	1.00
	Yes	0.80 (0.41–1.59)
	Any psychological
	No	1.00
	Yes	1.99 (0.56–7.14)
Model II	IPV during pregnancy
	Any physical
	No	1.00
	Yes	1.79 (1.25–3.43)***
	Any sexual
	No	1.00
	Yes	2.25 (1.14–4.45)*
	Any psychological
	No	1.00
	Yes	6.92 (1.71–28.04)**

Model I: influence of all types of IPV before pregnancy adjusted for all other socio-demographic, obstetric and reproductive, and psycho-socio-cultural factors used in this study.

Model II: influence of all types of IPV during pregnancy adjusted for all other socio-demographic, obstetric and reproductive, and psycho-socio-cultural factors.

Here *p<0.001; **p<0.01; ***p<0.05