Table 2.

Summary of ERKO bone phenotypes and levels of sex steroid hormones

	ERαKO			ERβKO			ERαβKO			OcERαKO
		Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Trabecular BMD in young	↓	→	→	→	↓	↓	→	↓
Trabecular BMD in old	↑	↑	→	↑	↑	→	→	↓
Cortical BMD	↓	↓	→	→	↓	↓	→	→
Trabecular BV/TV	↑	↑	→	↑	↑	↓	→	↓
Bone formation	↓	↓	→	→	↓	↓	→	↑
Bone resorption	↓	↓	→	↓	↓	→	→	↑
17β-Estradiol	→ or ↑	⇈	→	→	→	→ or ↑	→	→
Testosterone	⇈	↑	→	→	⇈	→ or ↑	→	→

BMD, Bone mineral density; BV, bone volume; TV, trabecular volume.