Figure 3.

Rh-PDE as a potential optogenetic tool. A, comparison of in-cell hydrolytic activities of Rh-PDE (top) and mosquito Opn3 (bottom) toward cAMP. The top panel is reproduced from Fig. 2C. Mosquito Opn3 was expressed in HEK293 cells similar to Rh-PDE. During the time period shown in light blue, 510-nm light with 2.28 μW mm⁻² intensity was applied to the cells. B, effect of the addition of all-trans-retinal on the Rh-PDE activity. C, repeatability of the in-cell Rh-PDE activation. 2-min irradiation at 510 nm with 2.28 μW mm⁻² intensity was repeated every 15 min, and other conditions were as in Fig. 2C. D, irradiation wavelength dependence of the in-cell activity of Rh-PDE toward cAMP. All of the data were obtained from experiments at the same light intensity (0.4 μW mm⁻²).