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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Biol. 2016 Nov 4;23(1):327–336. doi: 10.1111/adb.12473

Figure 2.

Figure 2

NAA levels in the ACC and Stroop interference scores measured in adolescent MA users and healthy adolescents. Adolescent MA users exhibited lower NAA levels than healthy adolescents after adjusting for age, sex, and gray matter proportion of the VOI (left bar graph, t = −2.88, P = 0.005). In addition, poorer performance in the Stroop color-word task was observed in adolescent MA users as compared with healthy adolescents after adjusting age, sex, and educational level (right bar graph, t = 2.03, P = 0.045). Z scores of NAA levels and Stroop interference scores were calculated using the mean and standard deviation of healthy adolescents and are presented in the graphs. Tick markers in the bar graphs indicate individual z scores of study participants. Error bars indicate 95% confidence interval.

Abbreviations: ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; VOI, voxel of interest; MA, methamphetamine; NAA, N-acetyl aspartate.