Table 1.
Plasma parameter
| Plasma parameter | WT | KO | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AL | CR | AL | CR | |||||
| Fed | Fasted | Fed | Fasted | Fed | Fasted | Fed | Fasted | |
| Glucose (mg dL−1) | 203.7 ± 9.6 | 110.8 ± 18.1$ | 176.8 ± 4.5 | 169.9 ± 14.2 | 243.7 ± 9.7 | 157.3 ± 21.1$ | 190.2 ± 9.4 | 200.1 ± 11.4 |
| t‐Cho (mg dL−1) | 72.63 ± 2.37 | 71.12 ± 1.65 | 49.90 ± 0.80* | 53.31 ± 5.08 | 55.96 ± 0.76 | 62.40 ± 0.00 | 24.89 ± 4.24*,† | 43.07 ± 2.22*,$ |
| TG (ng dL−1) | 107.9 ± 10.6 | 140.2 ± 6.5 | 84.1 ± 2.8 | 72.4 ± 4.6* | 86.3 ± 14.1 | 103.9 ± 5.8 | 84.0 ± 5.9 | 65.9 ± 3.3 |
| NEFA (mEq mL−1) | 0.59 ± 0.03 | 1.04 ± 0.04$ | 0.42 ± 0.05* | 0.86 ± 0.05*$ | 0.51 ± 0.02 | 0.81 ± 0.04†$ | 0.41 ± 0.02 | 0.70 ± 0.01$ |
| 3‐HB (mm) | Undetected | 1.94 ± 0.15 | Undetected | 0.72 ± 0.05** | Undetected | 0.97 ± 0.12† | Undetected | 0.58 ± 0.22 |
| Insulin (pg mL−1) | 1575 ± 347 | 262 ± 92$ | 1373 ± 40 | 45 ± 4$ | 2234 ± 59 | 362 ± 43$ | 2158 ± 187 | 455 ± 95$ |
| IGF‐1 (ng mL−1) | 426.28 ± 11.33 | 322.24 ± 40.45 | 313.63 ± 11.59* | 244.11 ± 32.21 | 482.20 ± 18.75 | 360.20 ± 20.40$ | 347.02 ± 29.11** | 306.41 ± 8.42 |
| Adiponectin (μg mL−1) | 8.97 ± 0.41 | 8.91 ± 0.67 | 10.87 ± 0.32 | 11.70 ± 0.37 | 9.60 ± 0.91 | 14.17 ± 1.43†$ | 13.03 ± 1.14 | 11.61 ± 1.04 |
| Leptin (ng mL−1) | 12.80 ± 2.09 | 8.98 ± 1.86 | 5.82 ± 0.73 | 1.07 ± 0.21***,$$$ | 25.92 ± 6.03 | 17.66 ± 6.38 | 8.50 ± 1.33* | 3.40 ± 0.45**,† |
t‐Cho: total cholesterol, TG: triglyceride, NEFA: non‐esterified fatty acid, 3‐HB: 3‐hydroxybutyric acid.
Each value represents the means ± SEM of 3–5 mice. *: P < 0.05 vs. AL, †: P < 0.05 vs. Wild, $: P < 0.05 vs. fed analyzed by Tukey's test.