Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the participants in the study.
| Total (n=20) | SMART-Da (n=9) | Non–SMART-D (n=11) | P valueb | |||||
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||||
| Male | 13 (65) | 6 (67) | 7 (64) | >.99 | ||||
| Female | 7 (35) | 3 (33) | 4 (36) | |||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 54.7 (13.6) | 47.9 (14.4) | 60.3 (10.5) | .04 | ||||
| Medical information | ||||||||
| Dialysis vintage (years), mean (SD) | 8.6 (5.6) | 6.0 (2.9) | 10.7 (6.7) | .15 | ||||
| Hemodialysis frequency in a week, n (%) | >.99 | |||||||
| Three times | 20 (100) | 9 (100) | 11 (100) | |||||
| Primary cause of end stage renal disease, n (%) | .20 | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (30) | 3 (33) | 3 (27) | |||||
| Glomerulonephritis | 4 (20) | 0 (0) | 4 (36) | |||||
| Nephrosclerosis | 4 (20) | 3 (33) | 1 (9) | |||||
| Malignant hypertension | 1 (5) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Polycystic kidney disease | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | |||||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | |||||
| Unknown | 3 (15) | 2 (22) | 1 (9) | |||||
| Comorbid conditions, n (%) | .85 | |||||||
| Diabetes | 5 (25) | 2 (22) | 3 (27) | |||||
| Hypertension | 15 (75) | 8 (89) | 7 (64) | |||||
| Lipid disorders | 2 (10) | 1 (11) | 1 (9) | |||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 2 (10) | 2 (22) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (5) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Disease status | ||||||||
| Predialysis weight (kg), mean (SD) | 69.5 (17.8) | 76.4 (20.3) | 63.8 (14.0) | .12 | ||||
| IWGc(%DWd/day), mean (SD) | 2.2 (0.4) | 2.2 (0.4) | 2.2 (0.4) | .92 | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL), mean (SD) | 11.4 (1.5) | 10.8 (0.6) | 11.9 (1.8) | .048 | ||||
| Serum albumin concentrations (g/dL), mean (SD) | 3.8 (0.2) | 3.7 (0.2) | 3.8 (0.2) | .24 | ||||
| Serum potassium concentrations (mEq/L), mean (SD) | 5.0 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.6) | 5.1 (0.8) | .40 | ||||
| Serum phosphorus concentrations (mg/dL), mean (SD) | 5.2 (1.1) | 5.4 (1.2) | 5.0 (1.1) | .41 | ||||
| Lifestyle | ||||||||
| Weight measurement frequency per day, mean (SD) | 0.9 (1.0) | 1.2 (1.3) | 0.6 (0.7) | .32 | ||||
| Cell phone user, n (%) | .07 | |||||||
| Feature phone | 9 (45) | 2 (22) | 7 (64) | |||||
| Smartphone | 10 (50) | 7 (78) | 3 (27) | |||||
| Non–cell phone user | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1 (9) | |||||
| Portable digital assistant user, n (%) | 10 (50) | 7 (78) | 3 (27) | .07 | ||||
| Internet user, n (%) | 11 (55) | 7 (78) | 4 (36) | .09 | ||||
aSMART-D: Self-Management and Recording System for Dialysis.
bP value between the SMART-D group and the non–SMART-D group.
cIWG: interdialysis weight gain.
dDW: dry weight.