Table 4. Multivariable-adjusted* mean global PSQI scores by tertiles of Spielberger stress components stratified by types of coping and depression.
| PSQI Global | Sleep Disturbances | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passive Coping | Depression (CES-D) | Passive Coping | Depression (CES-D) | |||||||||||||
|
|
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| < Median | ≥ Median | < Median | ≥ Median | < Median | ≥ Median | < Median | ≥ Median | |||||||||
|
|
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| N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | N | Mean (SE) | |
| Total | 140 | 182 | 162 | 194 | 140 | 182 | 162 | 194 | ||||||||
| Low | 62 | 5.5 (0.44) | 43 | 6.3 (0.54) | 66 | 5.0 (0.36) | 52 | 6.6 (0.51) | 62 | 5.5 (0.6) | 43 | 6.0 (0.8) | 66 | 5.5 (0.5) | 52 | 6.8 (0.7) |
| Middle | 46 | 6.7 (0.51) | 59 | 6.0 (0.44) | 60 | 5.3 (0.38) | 59 | 7.5 (0.45) | 46 | 7.4 (0.7) | 59 | 7.2 (0.6) | 60 | 5.5 (0.5) | 59 | 9.3 (0.6) |
| High | 32 | 5.9 (0.61) | 80 | 7.9 (0.37) | 35 | 5.4 (0.49) | 83 | 8.2 (0.37) | 32 | 6.8 (0.8) | 80 | 9.3 (0.5) | 36 | 6.1 (0.7) | 83 | 9.8 (0.5) |
| p-value** | 0.91 | 0.001 | 0.76 | 0.037 | 0.25 | <0.001 | 0.55 | 0.003 | ||||||||
| Interaction | 0.076 | 0.140 | 0.141 | 0.745 | ||||||||||||
| Admin/Org Pressure | ||||||||||||||||
| Low | 60 | 6.1 (0.46) | 48 | 6.1 (0.53) | 63 | 5.0 (0.37) | 55 | 7.0 (0.51) | 60 | 6.1 (0.6) | 48 | 6.1 (0.7) | 63 | 5.6 (0.5) | 55 | 6.9 (0.7) |
| Middle | 45 | 5.7 (0.52) | 59 | 6.4 (0.45) | 64 | 5.4 (0.37) | 55 | 7.5 (0.47) | 45 | 6.4 (0.7) | 59 | 7.2 (0.6) | 64 | 5.4 (0.5) | 55 | 9.3 (0.6) |
| High | 35 | 6.0 (0.59) | 75 | 7.8 (0.39) | 35 | 5.2 (0.49) | 84 | 8.1 (0.38) | 35 | 7.0 (0.8) | 75 | 9.5 (0.5) | 35 | 5.9 (0.7) | 84 | 9.8 (0.5) |
| p-value** | 0.90 | 0.006 | 0.74 | 0.08 | 0.24 | <0.001 | 0.44 | 0.005 | ||||||||
| Interaction | 0.157 | 0.120 | 0.254 | 0.876 | ||||||||||||
| Phys/Psych Danger | ||||||||||||||||
| Low | 54 | 6.2 (0.47) | 49 | 6.1 (0.50) | 60 | 5.4 (0.38) | 58 | 6.9 (0.48) | 54 | 6.2 (0.6) | 49 | 6.1 (0.7) | 60 | 5.6 (0.5) | 58 | 7.8 (0.7) |
| Middle | 53 | 5.6 (0.47) | 54 | 6.6 (0.47) | 70 | 5.2 (0.37) | 56 | 7.3 (0.47) | 53 | 5.8 (0.6) | 54 | 7.6 (0.7) | 63 | 5.5 (0.5) | 56 | 8.5 (0.6) |
| High | 33 | 6.2 (0.61) | 79 | 7.6 (0.38) | 39 | 4.9 (0.48) | 80 | 8.3 (0.38) | 33 | 7.8 (0.8) | 79 | 9.0 (0.5) | 39 | 5.8 (0.7) | 80 | 9.9 (0.5) |
| p-value** | 0.88 | 0.004 | 0.74 | 0.08 | 0.41 | <0.001 | 0.70 | 0.031 | ||||||||
| Interaction | 0.143 | 0.226 | 0.183 | 0.960 | ||||||||||||
| Lack of Support | ||||||||||||||||
| Low | 67 | 5.3 (0.41) | 44 | 5.5 (0.52) | 70 | 4.8 (0.35) | 48 | 5.9 (0.52) | 67 | 5.3 (0.5) | 44 | 5.2 (0.7) | 70 | 5.1 (0.5) | 48 | 5.9 (0.7) |
| Middle | 42 | 7.3 (0.52) | 62 | 7.1 (0.43) | 60 | 5.6 (0.38) | 59 | 8.3 (0.44) | 42 | 7.8 (0.7) | 62 | 7.6 (0.6) | 60 | 5.9 (0.5) | 59 | 9.5 (0.6) |
| High | 31 | 5.6 (0.59) | 76 | 7.6 (0.38) | 32 | 5.3 (0.51) | 87 | 7.9 (0.36) | 31 | 7.0 (0.8) | 76 | 9.5 (0.5) | 32 | 6.1 (0.7) | 87 | 10.0 (0.5) |
| p-value** | 0.98 | <0.001 | 0.93 | 0.018 | 0.17 | <0.001 | 0.69 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Interaction | 0.052 | 0.168 | 0.221 | 0.252 | ||||||||||||
Note: PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Admin/Org Pressure=administrative/organizational pressure; Phys/Psych Danger= physical/psychological danger
*
Models adjusted for age, gender, education, marital status, smoking status and race. Those taking sleep medication were included.
**
p-values are from linear regression.