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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 May 5.
Published in final edited form as: J Res Educ Eff. 2015 Nov 23;9(4):556–569. doi: 10.1080/19345747.2015.1086916

Table 2.

Descriptive Statistics for Baseline Simulation at Different Selection Cut Points (Z-Score Metric)

Direct Range Restriction Indirect Range Restriction


Test 1 Pretest Test 1 Posttest Test 2 Pretest Test 2 Posttest
Cut Point M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD)
No Cut Point 0 (1) 0 (1) 0 (1) 0 (1)
≤ 0 −0.80 (.61) −0.68 (.74) −0.60 (.80) −0.54 (.84)
≤ −.33 SD −1.02 (.55) −0.87 (.70) −0.77 (.78) −0.69 (.82)
≤ −.5 SD −1.14 (.52) −0.97 (.69) −0.86 (.77) −0.78 (.81)
≤ −.67 SD −1.27 (.50) −1.08 (.68) −0.95 (.76) −0.86 (.80)
≤ −.75 SD −1.33 (.48) −1.13 (.67) −1.00 (.75) −0.90 (.80)
−1 SD −1.53 (.45) −1.30 (.65) −1.15 (.74) −1.04 (.79)
≤ −1.25 SD −1.73 (.42) −1.47 (.64) −1.30 (.73) −1.17 (.79)
≤ −1.5 SD −1.94 (.39) −1.65 (.63) −1.46 (.73) −1.31 (.79)

M = 0; SD = 1. Note: Mean scores and standard deviations represent the mean score from the two simulated datasets (i.e. the upper and lower bound). Bold = Baseline scenario (Scenario 1); Test 1–Test 2 r = .75; pretest - posttest r = .85 (both Test 1 and Test 2); Test 1 pretest - Test 2 posttest r = .61 – .75.