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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2017 May-Jun;41(3):505–510. doi: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000000557

Table 2.

Specification of the contrast elements

Element Atomic
number		 K edge
energy
(keV)		 Compound used Chemical formula Solvent/
suspension		 Concentration
(mg active
element/mL)
Calcium 20 4.0 Calcium carbonate CaCO3 water with
% xanthan gum		 30
Iodine 53 33.2 Iohexol C19H26I3N3O9 water 10
Barium 56 37.4 Barium sulphate BaSO4 water with
1% xanthan gum		 10
Gadolinium 64 50.2 Gadobenate dimeglumine C22H28GdN3O11 • 2C7H17NO5 water 10
Tantalum 73 67.4 Tantalum oxide nanoparticles (Ta2O5)(C7H14NO5Si)2.8 water 10
Tungsten 74 69.5 Sodium tungsten dihydrate Na2WO4 • 2H2O water 10
Bismuth 83 90.5 Bismuth citrate C6H5BiO7 water with
1% xanthan gum		 10