Table 1. Ongoing studies incorporating RT and immunotherapy in SCLC.

Agent	Phase	Endpoint	Patients (n)	Details	NCT
Ipilimumab + nivolumab	II	Primary: OS; secondary: ORR, PFS, toxicity	LS-SCLC [260]	Open label, randomized to chemoradiation and PCI followed by either observation vs. induction ipilimumab + nivolumab ×4 and maintenance nivolumab	NCT02046733
Pembrolizumab	I	Primary: MTD; secondary: PFS	A: LS-SCLC [9]; B: ES-SCLC [80]	A: open label dose escalation of pembrolizumab with concurrent chemoradiation (platinum/etoposide ×4, 150 cGy BID to 45 Gy) followed by maintenance pembrolizumab; B: platinum/etoposide chemotherapy for up to 6 cycles followed by consolidative thoracic RT 300 cGY daily to 45 Gy, with concurrent pembrolizumab for cycle 3 and onward followed by maintenance pembrolizumab	NCT02402920
Tremelimumab + durvalumab	II	Primary: PFS; secondary: irRR, OS	Recurrent SCLC [20]	Open label, randomized to tremelimumab + durvalumab with or without SBRT immediately preceding immunotherapy	NCT02701400

SCLC, small cell lung cancer; OS, overall survival; ORR, objective response rate; PFS, progression-free survival; MTD, maximum tolerated dose; LS-SCLC, limited stage disease; ES-SCLC, extensive stage disease; PCI, prophylactic cranial irradiation; BID, twice daily; SBRT, stereotactic body radiation therapy; NCT, National Clinical Trials number.