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. 2017 May 8;11:121. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00121

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Copyright © 2017 Carnemolla, Michelazzi and Agostoni.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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PIN1 stimulates UPS activity. (A) HEK293 cells were co-transfected with YFP^u or YFP and HA-PIN1 or HA-PIN1DM. Cells were harvested for analysis 48 h after transfection. Representative western blot showing YFP, YFP^u, PIN1, and β-ACTIN as loading control. (B) Relative protein level quantification of YFP^u in the presence of PIN1 as compared to PIN1DM. (C–F) qPCR analysis of the expression levels of htt_1–171Q60GFP (C), gfp (D), yfp (E), and yfp^u (F) in the presence of PIN1 as compared to PIN1DM. (C,D) Data are the mean ± SEM from 4 independent experiments using 2 different batches of cells. (E,F) Data are the mean ± SD from 3 independent experiments. ^***P < 0.001, ^*P < 0.05. Asterisk indicates the statistically significant difference in the level of protein and mRNA.