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. 2017 Apr 14;49(4):e316. doi: 10.1038/emm.2017.7

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

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Cluster analyses of the bacterial communities. (a) Principal component analysis with two components of PC1 26.1% and PC2 22.2% based on the composition and abundance of their bacterial communities. The lung EV groups were more distant not only from each other but also from the lung tissue from which they were derived. The groups were clustered relatively closely when lung tissue was analyzed. (b) Among the lung EV samples, the characteristics of nonsmokers were relatively closer to those of the lung tissues of the three groups. EV, extracellular vesicle; PC, principal component.