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. 2017 May 5;8(3):484–494. doi: 10.3945/an.116.014407

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Factors that control gut motility. The gut luminal environment (including the gastrointestinal microbiota and fermentation), immune system, enteric nervous system, and central nervous system are highly interrelated and control gut motility; disturbance in any of these overlapping systems may contribute to symptoms of constipation.