Table 1.
Clinical cardiovascular diseases trials containing Salvia miltiorrhiza (2000—now).
| Prescription Name | Study Design | Type Of CVD; # of Patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome Measurements | Results (# of Patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanshinone IIA + Sulfonic Acid Sodium | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease 36 15 days |
Significant effect: Markedly improved in clinical symptoms such as chest stuffy, palpitations, chest pain, and short of breath; Electrocardiogram (ECG) returned to normal. Effective: Frequency of clinical symptoms attacks decreased by 50%; ECG ST segment elevated by more than 0.05 mV; Amplitude of lead T wave inversion decreased by more than 25%. Ineffective: No change in ECG. |
Markedly improved (23). Moderately improved (9). Ineffective (4). Overall efficacy: 88.9%. Control treatment: 75.0% using 40ml Shenmai injection + 250ml 5% glucose solution. |
[24] | ||||||||||
| S. miltiorrhiza | Randomized controlled trial | Cardiovascular disease 50 4 weeks |
Clinical efficacy: Significant effect: Clinical symptoms completely improved alleviated by > 90%. Effective: 50% < Clinical symptoms improvement < 90%. Ineffective: Clinical symptoms have no improvement or alleviated by < 50%. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: ECG completely returned to normal. Effective: ST-T wave almost returned to normal. Ineffective: No improvement in ECG. |
Clinical efficacy: Markedly improved (33). Moderately improved (15). Ineffective (2). Overall efficacy: 96%. Control treatment: 86%, using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablet. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (30). Moderately improved (17). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 94%. Control treatment: 82%, using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablet. |
[25] | ||||||||||
| Danshen and Gegen capsules | Randomized placebo controlled trial (double blinded) | Postmenopausal women with borderline hypercholesterolemia 85 12 months |
Sitting blood pressure, resting ECG, and physical activity scale for the elderly questionnaire; Serum glucose, creatinine, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG). |
Primary efficacy: Carotid intima-media thickness decreased. Secondary efficacy: LDL and total cholesterol (TC) decreased. Quality of life: Improvement in general health and blood pressure. |
[26] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Isosorbide Dinitrate sustained released tablets | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease 49 2 months |
Significant effect: Frequency of angina attacks significantly reduced; Clinical symptoms completely disappeared. Effective: Clinical symptoms improved; Angina attacks decreased. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms. |
Markedly improved (13). Moderately improved (32). Ineffective (4). Overall efficacy: 93.75%. Control treatment: 75.0%, using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablets |
[27] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease 33 10 weeks |
Symptoms of angina pectoris: Significant effect: Angina pectoris disappeared completely or angina pectoris attacks decreased by > 90%. Effective: Angina pectoris attacks decreased by between 50% and 90%. Ineffective: Angina pectoris attacks decreased by < 50%. ECG efficacy: Changes of ST-T wave, including load ECG. Effective: ST-T wave returned to normal or changed from positive to negative. Ineffective: No change in ST-T wave, load ECG test remained positive. |
Symptoms of angina pectoris: Markedly improved (24). Moderately improved (8). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 97.0%. Control treatment: 84.8%, using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablets. |
[28] | ||||||||||
| Prescription Name | Study Design | Type Of CVD; # of Patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome Measurements | Results (# of Patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Cardiovascular diseases 39 1 month |
Cure: Clinical symptoms disappeared; Autonomic dysfunction disappeared; ECG and heart rate returned to normal. Significant effect: Significant improvement in clinical symptoms; Heart rate decreased; ECG significantly improved; Autonomic nerve function returned to near normal. Ineffective: No improvement or even worse in clinical symptoms. |
Markedly improved (20). Moderately improved (16). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 92.31%. Control treatment: 71.79% using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablets. |
[29] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Cardiovascular diseases 39 4 weeks |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Significant effect: Angina pectoris disappeared completely or angina pectoris attacks decreased by > 90%. Effective: Angina pectoris attacks decreased by between 50% and 90%. Ineffective: No obvious improvement in angina pectoris symptoms; Angina attacks decreased by < 50% or even aggravated. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: ST segment returned to normal. Effective: ST segment almost returned to normal. Ineffective: No obvious changes in ST segment. |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Markedly improved (23). Moderately improved (13). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 92.30%. Control treatment: 46.15% using Isosorbide Dinitrate pills and Nifedipine. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (21). Moderately improved (16). Ineffective (2). Overall efficacy: 94.87%. Control treatment: 76.92% using Isosorbide Dinitrate pills and Nifedipine. |
[30] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Cardiovascular diseases 25 4 weeks |
Cardiovascular diseases symptoms, serum TC and TG, ECG. | Serum TC and TG levels returned to normal. ECG improved. Control treatment using Isosorbide Dinitrate pills and Nifedipine. |
[31] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Before- and after- control | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 94 2 months |
Clinical efficacy: Significant effect: (1) Exertional angina: Angina pectoris severity alleviated 2 grade; Grade 1-2 angina pectoris disappeared; Non-exertional angina pectoris: Clinical symptoms disappeared or almost disappeared; Angina attacks decreased by more than 90%; Resting ECG returned to normal; Submaximal exercise test changed from positive to negative or exercise tolerance increased by 2 levels. Effective: (1) Exertional angina: Angina pectoris severity decreased by 1 level; Grade 1 angina pectoris disappeared; (2) Non-exertional angina pectoris: Angina attacks decreased by > 50%; Resting ECG back to normal, or submaximal exercise test ECG ST segment elevated by more than 0.5 mV, but did not return to normal, or amplitude of lead T wave inversion decreased more than 50%, or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright, or exercise tolerance increased by 1 level. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms, physical signs and ECG; Frequency of angina attacks decreased by < 50%. |
blood viscosity and platelet aggregation rate significantly decreased. Clinical efficacy: Markedly improved (55). Moderately improved (34). Ineffective (5). Overall efficacy: 94%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (17). Moderately improved (22). Ineffective (55). Overall efficacy: 75%. |
[32] | ||||||||||
| Prescription Name | Study Design | Type Of CVD; # of Patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome Measurements | Results (# of Patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Self control | Cardiovascular diseases 439 |
Observe clinical symptoms and treatment efficacy. Psychological status, heart failure, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and general health condition scores. | Symptoms markedly improved (203), 46.2%. Partly improved (122), 27.8%. Mildly improved (78), 17.8%. Aggravate (28), 6.4%. Dead (8), 1.8%. |
[33] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 60 |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Significant effect: Clinical symptoms such as chest stuffy, short of breath disappeared; Angina or frequency of angina attacks decreased in response to the same level of exertion; ECG ischemia returned to mormal. Effective: Frequency of angina attacks decreased or chest congestion symptoms alleviated; ECG ischemia ST segment decreased; Shape of T wave changed from flat to upright. Ineffective: No change in angina attacks and ECG. |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Markedly improved (24). Moderately improved (20). Ineffective (8). Overall efficacy: 86.7%. Control treatment 74%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (18). Moderately improved (15). Ineffective (13). Overall efficacy: 76.7%. Control treatment using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablets. |
[34] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Ischemic cardiovascular disease 74 1 month |
Serum TC and TG levels. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: ST segment abnormalities disappeared. Effective: No obvious abnormalities in ST segment. Ineffective: No change in ST segment. |
Serum TC and TG levels decreased. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (25). Moderately improved (39). Ineffective (10). Overall efficacy: 86.5%. Control treatment: 56.8% using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablets. |
[35] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Diabetes combined silent myocardial ischemia 45 |
Levels of adiponectin and homocysteine (Hcy). Clinical efficacy: Significant effect: ECG ST segment abnormalities improved or disappeared during the break. Effective: ECG ST segment decreased or elevated by > 0.05 mV during resting or sports; Amplitude of T wave inverted decreased by more than 50%, and shape of T wave appeared upright or inverted. Ineffective: No improvement in ECG, even more serious. |
Markedly improved (30). Moderately improved (14). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 97.8%. Control basic treatment 88.8%. |
[36] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Aspirin | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease 50 |
Significant effect: Clinical symptoms completely or almost disappeared; ECG completely or almost returned to normal; Blood lipid levels returned to normal. Effective: Clinical symptoms markedly improved; ECG ST segment elevated by more than 0.05mV; Myocardial ischemia attacks decreased by more than 50%; Blood lipid levels improved. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms, ECG and blood lipid levels. |
LDL decreased, HDL increased. Markedly improved (19). Moderately improved (27). Ineffective (4). Overall efficacy: 92.0%. Control treatment: 76.0% using aspirin. |
[37] | ||||||||||
| Prescription Name | Study Design | Type Of CVD; # of Patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome Measurements | Results (# of Patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Isosorbide Mononitrate sustained release tablets | Randomized controlled trial | Elderly patients with unstable angina 40 4 weeks |
Observe the clinical therapeutic effects. | Recovery (18) Markedly improved (12). Moderately improved (7). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 92.5%. Control treatment: 75.0% using Simvastatin. |
[38] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + low molecular weight Heparin | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 80 1 month |
Significant effect: Angina pectoris almost disappeared or angina attacks decreased by more than 80%; ECG returned to normal or near normal. Effective: Angina attacks decreased by between 50% and 80% or duration shorten; ECG ST segment elevated by more than 0.05 mV, but did not return to normal; Amplitude of T wave inversion decreased, or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright, or elevated ST segment decreased by more than 50%. Ineffective: No improvement in angina pectoris; Elevated ST segment decreased by less than 50%, or even worse. |
Frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks decreased. Markedly improved (42). Moderately improved (29). Ineffective (9). Overall efficacy: 88.75%. Control treatment: 76.25% using aspirin and nitroglycerin. |
[39] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen injection + Lulutong injection | Randomized controlled trial | Cardiovascular diseases 40 3 weeks |
Significant effect: Clinical symptoms disappeared; Cardiac function increased by more than 2 levels. Effective: Clinical symptoms decreased; Cardiac function increased by more than 1 level. Ineffective: No changes in symptoms and cardiac function. |
Markedly improved (23). Moderately improved (15). Ineffective (2). Overall efficacy: 95.0%. Control treatment: 75.0% using basic treatment. |
[40] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Valsartan | Randomized controlled trial | Senile primary hypertension 34 6 months |
Significant effect: Diastolic blood pressure decreased by ≥ 10 mmHg and returned to normal, or diastolic blood pressure decreased by ≥ 20 mmHg. Effective: Diastolic blood pressure decreased by < 10 mmHg, but did not return to normal, or diastolic blood pressure decreased by between 10 and 19 mmHg, or systolic pressure decreased by more than 30 mmHg. Ineffective: No improvement in blood pressure. |
Markedly improved (24). Moderately improved (7). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 91.18%. Control treatment: 67.65% using Valsartan. |
[41] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Carvedilol | Randomized controlled trial | Congestive hearts failure 47 90 days |
Significant effect: Clinical symptoms of heart failure and physical signs disappeared; Cardiac function improved by 2 levels. Effective: Clinical symptoms of heart failure and physical signs significantly improved; Cardiac function improved by 1 level. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms of heart failure and physical signs, or cardiac function aggregated by 1 level. |
Markedly improved (15). Moderately improved (24). Ineffective (8). Overall efficacy: 83.0%. Control treatment: 73.3% using conventional treatment include angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibition, Diuretics and Digoxin. |
[42] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pill + Simvastatin | Randomized controlled trial | Hyperlipidemia 75 12 weeks |
Significant effect: TC level decreased by ≥ 20% or TG level decreased by ≥ 40%. Effective: 10% ≤ TC level decrease ≤20%; 20% ≤ TG level decrease ≤ 40%. Ineffective: No obvious improvement in blood lipids. |
Basically control (28). Markedly improved (20). Moderately improved (19). Ineffective (8). Overall efficacy: 89.33%. Control treatment: 70.83% using Simvastatin. |
[43] | ||||||||||
| Prescription Name | Study Design | Type Of CVD; # of Patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome Measurements | Results (# of Patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping Pills | Self control | Hyperlipidemia and blood hyperviscosity 40 2 weeks |
TG, TG, HDL, hematocrit, whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity. | TG, TC, HDL decreased; Plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity and hematocrit decreased. | [44] | ||||||||||
| Shenfu Injection | Randomized controlled trial | Chronic heart failure 129 4 weeks |
Cure: Cardiac function returned to 1 level; Clinical symptoms almost disappeared; No abnormality in physical examination. Significant effect: Cardiac function improved by 2 levels, but did not reach 1 level; Significant improvement in clinical symptoms and physical examination. Effective: Cardiac function improved by 1 level; Clinical symptoms and physical examination improved. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms and physical examination, or aggravated or dead. |
Cure (60). Markedly improved (43). Moderately improved (17). Ineffective (9). Overall efficacy: 93.0%. Control treatment: 69.0% using Salvia injection |
[45] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Isosorbide Dinitrate tablet | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 98 2 weeks |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Significant effect: The same level of exertion cannot induce angina, or frequency of angina attacks decreased by 80%, or nitroglycerin consumption decreased by 50%. Effective: Angina attacks or nitroglycerin consumption decreased by between 50% and 80%. Ineffective: Angina attacks or nitroglycerin consumption decreased by less than 50%. Emphasis: Angina attacks or nitroglycerin consumption increased. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: Rest ischemic ST segment back to normal. Effective: Ischemic ST segment improved, but did not return to normal. Ineffective: No change in ischemic ST segment. |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Markedly improved (26). Moderately improved (62). Ineffective (10). Overall efficacy: 89.8%. Control treatment 63.2%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (32). Moderately improved (49). Ineffective (17). Overall efficacy: 82.7%. Control treatment: 54. 7% using Isosorbide Dinitrate tablet. |
[46] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Betaloc tablet | Randomized controlled trial | Stable angina pectoris 63 Unstable angina pectoris 33 |
Significant effect: Angina pectoris completely disappeared; Heart function improved from IV level to above III level, or from III level to above II level; ST segment returned to normal. Effective: Angina pectoris improved; Pain alleviated; Frequency and duration attacks decreased; ST segment almost returned to normal. Ineffective: No improvement in Angina or angina aggravated; Cardiac function worsen and hard-to-heal; Left ventricular failure; ECG depressed or elevated; even myocardial infarction. |
Stable angina pectoris: Markedly improved (51). Moderately improved (11). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 81%. Control treatment 63.2%. Unstable angina pectoris: Markedly improved (26). Moderately improved (4). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 79%. Control treatment: 54. 7% using basic treatment. |
[47] | ||||||||||
| Prescription Name |
Study Design |
Type Of CVD; # of Patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome Measurements | Results (# of Patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease 30 |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Significant effect: Same level of exertion cannot induce angina, or frequency of angina attacks decreased by more than 80%. Effective: Angina attacks or nitroglycerin consumption decreased by between 50% and 80%. Ineffective: Angina attacks or nitroglycerin consumption decreased by < 50%. Aggravate: Frequency, duration and degree of angina attacks and nitroglycerin consumption increased. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: Resting ECG returned to normal or near normal. Effective: ECG ST segment elevated by more than 0.05 mV; Amplitude of lead T wave inversion decreased by more than 25%, or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright. Ineffective: No improvement in resting ECG. |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Markedly improved (15). Moderately improved (10). Ineffective (4). Aggravate: (1). Overall efficacy: 83.3%. Control treatment 50%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (10). Moderately improved (17). Ineffective (3). Aggravate: (0). Overall efficacy: 90%, Control treatment: 66.7% using Astragalus. |
[48] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen injection + Shenmai injection | No control | Congestive heart failure 15 25 days |
Ineffective: Symptoms of heart failure and physical signs markedly improved; Cardiac function improved by more than 2 levels. Effective: Symptoms of heart failure and physical signs improved; Cardiac function improved by more than 1 level. Significant effect: No improvement in symptoms of heart failure. |
Markedly improved (8). Moderately improved (6). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 93%. No control treatment. |
[49] | ||||||||||
| Danhong Injection | Randomized controlled trial | Unstable angina pectoris 80 14 days |
Blood routine examination, liver or renal functions, platelet aggregation, levels of fibrinogen and D-dimmer. | Plasma levels of fibrinogen and D-dimmer decreased; Platelet aggregation ratio decreased. Control treatment using Alprostadil lipid emulsion injection. |
[50] | ||||||||||
| Gehong decoction | No control | Cardiovascular neurosis 23 |
Significant effect: Clinical symptoms completely disappeared. Effective: Clinical symptoms obviously improved. Ineffective: No change in clinical symptoms. |
Markedly improved (21). Moderately improved (2). Ineffective (0). Overall efficacy: 100%. No Control treatment. |
[51] | ||||||||||
| Tongxinluo capsule | Randomized controlled trial | Angina pectoris with coronary heart disease 48 4 weeks |
Clinical efficacy: Significant effect: Same level of exertion cannot induce angina pectoris, or angina pectoris attacks decreased by more than 80%. Effective: Angina attacks decreased by between 50% and 80%. Ineffective: Angina attacks decreased by < 50%. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: Resting ECG returned to normal or/and submaximal exercise test changed from positive to negative, or exercise tolerance increased by more than 2 levels. Effective: Resting ECG returned to normal or/and submaximal exercise test ECG ischemic ST segment elevated by more than 0.05mm, but did not return to normal; Amplitude of T wave inversion decreased by more than 50%, or T wave changed from flat to upright; Exercise tolerance improved by 1 level. Ineffective: No change in ECG. |
Clinical efficacy: Markedly improved (32). Moderately improved (12). Ineffective (4). Overall efficacy: 91.78%. Control treatment 57.14%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (12). Moderately improved (19). Ineffective (17). Overall efficacy: 64.37%. Control treatment: 35.72% using Fufang Danshen tablets |
[52] | ||||||||||
| Prescription name |
Study Design |
Type Of CVD; # of patient; Duration | Aim and Outcome measurements | Results (# of patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Yindan Xinnaotong Capsule +Aspirin + β –receptor blocker + Calcium Antagonist + Nitrates | Randomized controlled trial (grouped by visiting order) | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 50 |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Significant effect: Frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks decreased by more than 80%. Effective: Frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks decreased by more than 50%. Ineffective: Frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks decreased by less than 50%. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: ECG returned to normal. Effective: ST segment elevated by more than 0.05 mV, but did not return to normal; Amplitude of lead T wave inversion decreased by more than 25%, or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright; Atrio- and intra- ventricular block improved. Ineffective: No change in ECG. Blood lipid efficacy: Significant effect: TC decrease ≥ 20%; TG decrease ≥ 40%; HDL increase ≥ 0.26 mM; (TC-HDL)/HDL decrease ≥ 20%. Effective: 10% ≤ TC decrease < 20%; 20% ≤ TG decrease < 40%; 0.104 mM ≤ HDL increase < 0.26 mM; 10% ≤ (TC-HDL)/HDL decrease < 20%. Ineffective: No change in blood lipid. |
Angina pectoris efficacy: Markedly improved (27). Moderately improved (19). Ineffective (4). Overall efficacy: 92%. Control treatment 74%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (20). Moderately improved (23). Ineffective (7). Overall efficacy: 86%. Control treatment 70%. Blood lipid efficacy: Markedly improved (18). Moderately improved (22). Ineffective (20). Overall efficacy: 80%. Control treatment: 62% using aspirin, β–antagonist, calcium antagonists, nitrates. |
[53] | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills + Perindopril. | Randomized controlled trial | Hypertension complicated with diabetes 30 3 months |
Significant effect: Diastolic blood pressure decreased by more than 10 mmHg and returned to normal, or decreased by ≥ 20 mmHg. Effective: Diastolic blood pressure returned to normal or decreased by between 10 and 19 mmHg, or systolic pressure decreased by 30 mmHg. Ineffective: No improvement in blood pressure. |
Markedly improved (24). Moderately improved (5). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 96.7%. Control treatment: 76.7% using Perindopril. |
[54] | ||||||||||
| Yixinshu Capsule | Self control | Cardiovascular diseases 135 13 weeks |
Significant effect: ECG returned to normal or near normal. Effective: ST segment elevated by more than 0.05 mV, but did not return to normal; Amplitude of lead T wave inversion decreased by more than 25%, or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright. Ineffective: No change in ECG. |
Markedly improved (22). Moderately improved (112). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 99.2%. |
[55] | ||||||||||
| Guanxin Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 20 6 weeks |
Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9. Significant effect: Angina attacks decrease > 80%; Nitroglycerin consumption decrease > 80%, or same level of exertion cannot induce angina pectoris ; Resting ECG returned to normal. Effective: 50%<angina attacks and nitroglycerin consumption decrease <50%; Resting ECG ischemic ST elevation ≥ 0.1 mV; Amplitude of T wave inversion decreased by more than 25% or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright. Ineffective: Angina attacks and nitroglycerin consumption decrease < 50%. No improvement in resting ECG. |
Serum CRP, MMP-9 markedly decreased Markedly improved (12). Moderately improved (7). Ineffective (1). Overall efficacy: 95.0%. Control treatment 70.0%. |
[56] | ||||||||||
| Yiqi Huoxue granules | Randomized controlled trial | Cardiovascular complications with peritoneal dialysis patients 18 6 months |
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), cardiovascular calcification (CVC), congestive heart failure (CHF), the ratio of the early (E) to late (A) ventricular filling velocities (E/A), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) evaluated by color B-ultrasound. Serum cystatin C (CysC), Hcy. |
Serum levels of Hcy, CysC and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) decreased; LVEF and E/A increased; Incidence of LVH, CHF decreased; CVC increased. | [57] | ||||||||||
| Prescription name | Study design | Type Of CVD; # of patient; duration | Aim and Outcome measurements | Results (# of patients) | Refs. | ||||||||||
| Compound Danshen dripping pills | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease 46 1 month |
Clinical efficacy: Significant effect: No angina pectoris attacks or frequency of angina attacks decreased by more than 80%; No significant chest pain during angina pectoris attacks. Effective: Frequency of angina attacks decreased by between 50% and 80%; Chest pain obviously alleviated during angina pectoris attack. Ineffective: No obvious improvement in frequency of angina attacks and chest pain, or chest pain developed into acute myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death. ECG efficacy: Significant effect: Resting ECG almost returned to normal. Effective: Amplitude of ST segment increased by 0.1 mV; Amplitude of T wave inversion decreased by more than 50%, or shape of T wave changed from flat to upright. Ineffective: No obvious improvement in ECG, or even appeared myocardial infarction during the attack. |
Clinical efficacy: Markedly improved (22). Moderately improved (19). Ineffective (5). Overall efficacy: 89.1%. Control treatment 69.6%. ECG efficacy: Markedly improved (25). Moderately improved (19). Ineffective (2). Overall efficacy: 95.7%. Control treatment: 80.4% using Isosorbide Dinitrate Tablets |
[58] | ||||||||||
| Danshen Chuanxiongqin injection + Huangqi injection | Randomized controlled trial | Viral myocarditis in children 42 30 days |
Significant effect: Clinical symptoms completely disappeared; ECG returned to normal; Myocardial enzymes returned to normal. Effective: Clinical symptoms improved; ECG improved, but did not return to normal. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms, ECG and myocardial enzymes. |
Clinical efficacy Markedly improved (26). Moderately improved (13). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 93%. Control treatment: 72% using conventional treatment. |
[59] | ||||||||||
| Danshen Chuanxiongqin injection | Randomized controlled trial | Coronary heart disease angina pectoris 35 14 days |
Significant effect: Frequency of angina attacks decreased by≥ 80%; Resting ECG returned to normal. Effective: Frequency of angina attacks decreased by between 50% and 80%; Resting ECG improved. Ineffective: No improvement in clinical symptoms or even worse. |
Frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks, and heart rate improved. Markedly improved (26). Moderately improved (6). Ineffective (3). Overall efficacy: 93.43%. Control treatment: 77.14% using composite salvia miltiorrhiza injection. |
[60] | ||||||||||
| 5 g hydrophilic extracts of S. miltiorrhiza | Randomized controlled trial | Diabetes with chronic heart disease 62 60 days |
Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), paraoxonase (PONase) and glutathione reductase (GSSG-R). Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and oxidative low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) |
Serum MDA level reduced; Serum GSH level increased; Serum SOD, PONase and GR activities increased; Serum levels of sVCAM-1, vWF and oxLDL decreased. |
[61, 62] | ||||||||||
Note: The ingredients of TCM prescriptions.
(1) Compound Danshen dripping pills: Borneolum Synthcticum, Notoginseng Radix, Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.
(2) Danhong injection: Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Carthami Flos.
(3) Gehong decoction: Puerariae Lobatae Radix 30g, Carthami Flos 10g, Cinnamomi Ramulus 10g, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix 10g, Angelicae Sinensis Radix 12g, Chuanxiong Rhizoma 12g, Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 20g.
(4) Tongxinluo capsule: Ginseng Radix, Hirudo, Scolopendra, Cicadae Periostracum,Paeoniae Rubra Radix, Borneolum Synthcticum, Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.
(5) Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule: Ginkgo Folium, Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix, Crataegi Pinnatifidae Fructus, Gynostemmatis Pentaphylli Herba seu Radix, Allium sativum L. (Garlic), Borneolum Synthcticum.
(6) Yixinshu Capsule: Ginseng Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Mongolici Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Crataegi Pinnatifidae Fructus.
(7) Guanxin Danshen dripping pills: Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix, Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum.
(8) Yiqi Huoxue granule: Astragali Mongolici Radix 20 g, Notoginseng Radix 3 g, Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 10 g, Allii Macrostemi Bulbus 10 g.