Table 4.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in different OGTT subgroups
| Groups | Non-GDM (n = 11,814) | GDM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group I | Group II | Group III (n = 201) | ||||||
| IF (n = 1370) | I1 (n = 385) | I2 (n = 427) | IIF+1 (n = 161) | IIF+2 (n = 95) | II1+2 (n = 288) | |||
| Cesarean delivery | 4790 (40.6) | 683 (50.0)* | 172 (44.7)† | 186 (43.6)† | 94 (58.4)*,§ | 55 (57.9)*,§ | 133 (46.3) | 112 (56.0)* |
| Macrosomia | 861 (7.3) | 149 (10.9)* | 32 (8.3)† | 29 (6.8)† | 21 (13.0)*,§ | 16 (16.8)*,§ | 12 (4.2)* | 24 (12.0)* |
| LGA | 694 (5.9) | 143 (10.5)* | 34 (8.8)* | 25 (5.8)† | 16 (9.9)*,§ | 16 (16.8)*,§ | 5 (5.2)* | 167 (12.0)* |
| Preterm birth | 588 (5.0) | 74 (5.4) | 20 (5.2) | 30 (7.0) | 10 (6.2) | 8 (8.4) | 21 (7.3) | 21 (10.5) |
| Neonatal complication | 1314 (11.2) | 177 (13.0)* | 46 (12.0) | 60 (14.2) | 20 (12.6) | 15 (15.8) | 40 (14.0) | 28 (14.2) |
| SGA | 611 (5.2) | 50 (3.7)* | 15 (3.9) | 25 (5.8)†,‡ | 4 (2.5) | 3 (3.2)|| | 9 (3.1)|| | 9 (4.5) |
Data are presented as n (%). *P<0.05 versus non-GDM Group; †P<0.001 versus Group IF; ‡P<0.001 versus Group I1; §P<0.001, versus Group II1+2; ||P<0.001 versus Group IIF+1. Group I: GDM patients with one abnormal value on the OGTT; Subgroups IF, I1, and I2 were diagnosed as GDM according to a single abnormal value for fasting hyperglycemia, 1-h and 2-h hyperglycemia, respectively; Group II: GDM diagnosed by two abnormal values; Group III: GDM patients with three abnormal values on the OGTT. GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus; LGA: Large for gestational age; SGA: Small for gestational age; OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test.