Brain regions with the green, blue, yellow and pink coded color stand for the left hippocampus, right amygdala, left superior parietal gyrus / superior and middle occipital gyrus (SPG/SOG/MOG) and right lingual and calcarine gyrus (LG/CG), respectively (Figure 3A). Based on the seed of the left hippocampus, the z values of effective connectivity from the left SPG/SOG/MOG to the hippocampus correlate with the scores of MMSE and the numbers of AVLT-immediate recall in the MDD-aMCI group (Figure 3B). Pearson correlation analyses reveals that the z values of the effective connectivity from the left SPG/SOG/MOG to the left hippocampus negatively correlate with the scores of AVLT-immediate recall (r=-0.626, P=0.029), and positively correlate with the scores of MMSE (r= 0.594, P=0.042) (Figure 3B).
Abbreviations: L = left; R = right; AMY = amygdala; Hippo = hippocampus; LG/CG = lingual and calcarine gyrus; SPG= superior parietal gyrus; SOG/MOG = superior and middle occipital gyrus; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; AVLT = Auditory Verbal Learning Test.