. 2017 Apr 7;17(4):794. doi: 10.3390/s17040794

Table 8.

Figures of merit of selected non-enzymatic immunosensors using metal or metal oxide nanoparticles.

Target	Probe	LoD	Method	Reference
IgG	Ab	0.02 ng mL⁻¹	AuNPs/PPy/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−/EIS	[116]
Cancer cells	Ab	4 × 10³ cells	AuNPs/CV	[117]
HbA1c protein	Peptide	10 ng mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Ru(NH₃)₆^2+/3+/EIS	[118]
Dengue NS1 protein	Ab	0.5 ng mL⁻¹	Fc-labelled Ab/EIS	[119]
Mycotoxins	Ab	1 ng mL⁻¹	AuNP/PPy/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−	[120]
Amyloid beta 1–42	Ab	5 pg mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−	[121]
PfHRP2	Ab	70 ng L⁻¹	PtNPs/MB/Hydrazine	[122]
E. coli	Ab	400 cells mL⁻¹	MWCNT/PbS/SWASV	[123]
CA72-4 carbohydrate	Ab	0.10 U mL⁻¹	AuNPs/PANi/H₂O₂	[124]
Atrazine	Ab	0.02 ng mL⁻¹	Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−/DPV	[125]
Cortisol	Ab	0.4 ng L⁻¹	ZnO nanorods/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−/EIS	[126]
CEA protein	Ab	0.1 pg mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Ag enhancement/ASV	[127]
CEA protein	Ab	8 U mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Ag enhancement/ASV	[128]
CEA protein	Ab	0.015 fg mL⁻¹.	AuNPs/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−/DPV	[129]
CEA protein	Ab	3 fg mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−/CV	[130]
CEA protein	Ab	2 pg mL⁻¹	PtNPs-Cd^2+/DPV	[131]
AFP protein	Ab	4 pg mL⁻¹	Pd nanoplates/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−	[132]
CEA protein	Ab	0.02 ng mL⁻¹	PAA NPs/Cd²⁺/SWV	[133]
CEA protein	Ab	0.5 fg mL⁻¹	AgNPs/THI/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4/DPV	[134]
CEA protein	Ab	0.1 pg mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Fe(CN)₆^3−/4−/EIS	[135]
CEA protein	Ab	10 pg mL⁻¹	GR/Thi/AuNPs	[136]
CEA protein	Ab	7 pg mL⁻¹	PANi-AuNPs/EIS/conductivity	[137]
CEA protein	Ab	0.5 pg mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Thi/MoS₂	[138]
CEA protein	Ab	8 pg mL⁻¹	Ag/AuNPs/Ag⁰/Ag₂O/CV	[139]
HSA protein	Ab	1 ng mL⁻¹	SiO₂NPs/AuNPs oxidation/DPV	[140]
PSA protein	Ab	15 pg mL⁻¹	SiO₂NPs/HQ/CV	[141]
PSA protein	Ab	0.3 pg mL⁻¹	Fc-PtNPs/H₂O₂	[142]
PSA protein	Ab	0.03 pg mL⁻¹	Cu₂O@CeO₂NPs/AuNPs/H₂O₂	[143]
PSA protein	Ab	1 pg mL⁻¹	AuNPs/Ag enhancement/LSV	[144]
PSA protein	Ab	150 fg mL⁻¹	Cu nanoclusters/ascorbic acid	[145]