Morphological changes induced by C. m. nigrescens venom on PAE cells. Optic microscopy of PAE cells treated with different concentrations of C. m. nigrescens venom: a = 0.0 μg/ml, b = 0.1μg/ml, c = 0.5μg/ml, d = 1.0μg/ml, e = 2.0μg/ml, f = 3.0μg/ml, g = 4.0μg/ml, and h = 5.0μg/ml. Symbols: death cells (black arrow), cellular thickness decrease (red arrow), cellular aggregation (star).